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Narrated Abu Jamra:
I used to sit with Ibn 'Abbas and he made me sit on his sitting place.
He requested me to stay with him in order that he might give me a
share from his property. So I stayed with him for two months. Once he
told (me) that when the delegation of the tribe of 'Abdul Qais came to
the Prophet, the Prophet (ﷺ) asked them, "Who are the people (i.e. you)?
(Or) who are the delegate?" They replied, "We are from the tribe of
Rabi'a." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said to them, "Welcome! O people (or O
delegation of 'Abdul Qais)! Neither will you have disgrace nor will
you regret." They said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! We cannot come to you
except in the sacred month and there is the infidel tribe of Mudar
intervening between you and us. So please order us to do something
good (religious deeds) so that we may inform our people whom we have
left behind (at home), and that we may enter Paradise (by acting on
them)." Then they asked about drinks (what is legal and what is
illegal). The Prophet (ﷺ) ordered them to do four things and forbade them
from four things. He ordered them to believe in Allah Alone and asked
them, "Do you know what is meant by believing in Allah Alone?" They
replied, "Allah and His Apostle know better." Thereupon the Prophet (ﷺ)
said, "It means:
1. To testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and
Muhammad is Allah's Messenger (ﷺ).
2. To offer prayers perfectly
3. To pay the Zakat (obligatory charity)
4. To observe fast during the month of Ramadan.
5. And to pay Al-Khumus (one fifth of the booty to be given in Allah's
Cause).
Then he forbade them four things, namely, Hantam, Dubba,' Naqir Ann
Muzaffat or Muqaiyar; (These were the names of pots in which Alcoholic
drinks were prepared) (The Prophet (ﷺ) mentioned the container of wine and
he meant the wine itself). The Prophet (ﷺ) further said (to them):
"Memorize them (these instructions) and convey them to the people whom
you have left behind."
Narrated Abu Huraira:
One day while the Prophet (ﷺ) was sitting in the company of some people,
(The angel) Gabriel came and asked, "What is faith?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
replied, 'Faith is to believe in Allah, His angels, (the) meeting with
Him, His Apostles, and to believe in Resurrection." Then he further
asked, "What is Islam?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "To worship Allah
Alone and none else, to offer prayers perfectly to pay the compulsory
charity (Zakat) and to observe fasts during the month of Ramadan."
Then he further asked, "What is Ihsan (perfection)?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
replied, "To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you cannot
achieve this state of devotion then you must consider that He is
looking at you." Then he further asked, "When will the Hour be
established?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "The answerer has no better
knowledge than the questioner. But I will inform you about its
portents.
1. When a slave (lady) gives birth to her master.
2. When the shepherds of black camels start boasting and competing
with others in the construction of higher buildings. And the Hour is
one of five things which nobody knows except Allah.
The Prophet (ﷺ) then recited: "Verily, with Allah (Alone) is the knowledge
of the Hour--." (31. 34) Then that man (Gabriel) left and the Prophet (ﷺ)
asked his companions to call him back, but they could not see him.
Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "That was Gabriel who came to teach the people
their religion." Abu 'Abdullah said: He (the Prophet) considered all
that as a part of faith.
Narrated Talha bin 'Ubaidullah:
A man from Najd with unkempt hair came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and we heard
his loud voice but could not understand what he was saying, till he
came near and then we came to know that he was asking about Islam.
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "You have to offer prayers perfectly five times
in a day and night (24 hours)." The man asked, "Is there any more
(praying)?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "No, but if you want to offer the
Nawafil prayers (you can)." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) further said to him: "You
have to observe fasts during the month of Ramadan." The man asked,
"Is there any more fasting?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "No, but if you
want to observe the Nawafil fasts (you can.)" Then Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)
further said to him, "You have to pay the Zakat (obligatory charity)."
The man asked, "Is there any thing other than the Zakat for me to
pay?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "No, unless you want to give alms of
your own." And then that man retreated saying, "By Allah! I will
neither do less nor more than this." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "If what he
said is true, then he will be successful (i.e. he will be granted
Paradise)."