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Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported like this from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ).

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: A Muslim should not purchase (in opposition) to his brother.

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the outbidding (against another).

This hadith has been reported on the authority of 'Ubaidullah.

Abdullah (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) as saying: Do not meet the traders (in the way).

Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported a similar hadith from Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) through another chain of transmitters.

Anas b. Malik (Allah be pleased with him) reported: We were forbidden that a townsman should sell for a man of the desert, even if he is his brother or father.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be'upon him) as saying: He who bought a goat having its udder tied up should go back with it, milk it, and, if he is satisfied with its milk, he should retair it, otherwise he should return it along with a sa' of dates.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) as saying: lie who buys a goat having its udder tied up has the option to return it within three days. If he returns it he should pay a sa' of dates. Wheat is not essential.

Ayyub narrated with the same chain of transmitters but with this change of words: " He who buys a goat has the option...."

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying,: He who bought foodgrain should not sell it until he had taken possession of it.

This hadith is narrated on the authority of Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) but with this variation that no mention is made of the dates (which one finds) at the end of the previous hadith.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) through another chain of transmitters.

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the sale of fruits until they were clearly in good condition, he forbade it both to the seller and to the buyer.

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Do not buy fruit until its good condition becomes clear, and (the danger) of blight is no more. He said: Its good condition becoming clear implies that it becomes red or yellow.

This hadith is reported or the authority of Yahya with the same chain of transmitters up to" until its good condition becomes clear," but lie did not mention what follows (these words).

Nafi, reported on the authority of Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) a hadith like that narrated before.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Do not sell the fruits until their good condition becomes evident."

Zaid b. Thabit (Allah be pleased with him) said that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) gave a concession in case of the sale known as al-araya, there is an addition of the word an tuba'a in the hadith transmitted by Ibn Numair.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Do not buy the fruit until their condition is clear, and do not buy the fresh dates. A hadith like this has been reported by Ibn 'Umar through another chain of transmitters.

Sa'id b. al-Musayyib said that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the transaction of Af Muzabana and Muhaqala. Muzabana means that fresh dates on the trees should be sold against dry dates. Muhaqala implies that the wheat in the ear should be sold against the wheat and getting the land on rent for the wheat (produced in it). He (the narrator) said that the Prophet (ﷺ) had aid: Do not sell fresh fruits on the trees until their good condition becomes manifest, and do not sell fresh dates on the trees against dry dates. Salim said: Abdullah informed me on the authority of Zaid b. Thabit, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) having given concession afterwards in case of ariyya transactions by which dry dates can be exchanged with fresh dates, but he did not permit it in other cases.

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Nafi' with the same chain of transmitters.

Zaid b. Thabit (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) granting concession in case of 'ariyya transactions and that implies selling of (dry dates for fresh dates) according to a measure.

Sahl b. Abu Hathma reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) having forbidden Muzabana, i. e. exchange of fresh dates with dry dates. except in case of those to whom donations of some trees have been made. It is for them that concession has been given.

A hadith like this has been transmitted on the authority of Ayyub.

Abdullah (b. Umar) (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) having forbidden Mazabana, and it implies that one should sell the fresh fruits of his orchard (for dry fruits) or, if it is fresh dates, for dry dates with a measure, or if it is grapes for raisins or if it is corn in the field for dry corn with a measure He (the Holy Prophet) in fact forbade all such transactions. Qutaiba has narrated it with a slight variation of words.

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: If anyone buys palm-trees after they have been fecundated the fruit belongs to the seller unless the buyer makes a proviso.

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of al Zuhri.

Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) having forbidden taking of rent or share of land.

Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbidding the selling (renting of) uncultivated land for two years or three.

Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported: I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbidding Muzabana, and Huqul. Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) said: Muzabana means the selling of fruits for dry dates and Huqul is the renting of land.

Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) having forbidden Mazabana and Muhaqala. Muzibana means the buying of fruits on the trees and Muhaqala is the renting of land.

Nafi reported: I went to Rafi b. Khadij in the company of Ibn 'Umar (All be pleased with them) until he (Ibn 'Umar) came to him at Balat (a place near Prophet's Mosque at Medina) and he (Rafi b. Khadij) informed him that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had forbidden the renting of land.

Hanzala b. Qais al-Ansri reported: I asked Rafi' b. Khadij about the renting of land for gold and silver, whereupon he said: There is no harm in it for the people let out land situated near canals and at the ends of the streamlets or portion of fields. (But it so happened) that at times this was destroyed and that was saved. whereas (on other occasions) this portion was saved and the other was destroyed and thus no rent was payable to the people (who let out lands) but for this one (which was saved). It was due to this that he (the Holy Prophet) prohibited it. But if there is something definite and reliable (e. g. money). there is no harm in it.

Hanzala reported that he heard Rafi' b. Khadij (Allah be pleased with him) say: We were the major agriculturists of the Ansar and so we let out land (saying): The produce of this (part of land) would be ours and (the produce) of that would be theirs. But it so happened that at times this (land) gave harvest, but the other one produced nothing. So he (the Holy Prophet) forbade this. But so far as the payment in silver (dirham, a coin) is concerned, he did not forbid.

A hadith like this has been transmitted on the authority of Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them).

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) through another chain of transmitters.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira through another chain of transmitters but with a slight change of words.

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace'be upon him) as saying: Do not go out to meet riders to enter into transaction with them; none of you must buy in opposition to another, nor must you bid against one another; a townsman must not sell for a man from the desert, and do not tie up udders of carnels and sheep, and he who buys them after that has been done has two courses open to him: after he has milked them he may keep them if he is pleased with them, or he may return them along with a sit of dates if he is displeased with them.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may peace he upon him) as saying: Do not meet the merchandise (in the way).

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: He who buys a goat with its udder tied up has the option to retain the goat if he so desires or return it within three days, and in case he returns it he should do so along with a sa' of dates.

Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: He who buys foodgrain should not sell it until he has taken possession of it.

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported: We used to buy foodgrains during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). He (the Holy Prophet) would then send to us one who commanded us to take them (the foodgrains) to a place other than the one where we had bought them before we sold it.

Abu Huraira (Allah be please with him) is reported to have said to Marwan: Have you made lawful the transactions involving interest? Thereupon Marwan said: I have not done that. Thereupon Abu Huraira (ﷺ) said: You have made lawful the transactions with the help of documents only, whereas Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the transaction of foodgrains until full possession is taken of them. Marwan then addressed the people and forbade them to enter into such transactions (as are done with the help of documents). Sulaiman said: I saw the sentinels snatching (these documents) from the people.

Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: When you purchase foodgrains, do not sell them until you have taken possession of them.

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with thcm) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: When two persons enter into a transaction, each of them has the right to annul it so long as they are not separated and are together (at the place of transaction) ; or if one gives the other the right (to annul the transaction) But if one gives the other the option, the transaction is made on this condition (i. e. one has the right to annul the transaction), it becomes binding. And if they are separated after they have made the bargain and none of them annulled it, even then the transaction is binding.

A hadith like this has been transmitted on the authority of Hakim b. Hizam (Imam Muslim) said: Hakim b. Hizam was born inside the Ka'ba and lived for one hundred and twenty years.

Abdullah b. Dinar narrated that he heard Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) saying: A man mentioned to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) that he was deceived in a business transaction, whereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: When you enter into a transaction, say: There should be no attempt to deceive.

Another chain on the authority of Ibn 'Umar narrated the same as the above hadith.

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the sale of palm-trees (i. e. their trults) until the dates began to ripen, and ears of corn until they were white and were safe from blight. He forbade the seller and the buyer.

Zaid b. Thabit (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may peace he upon him) having given concession in case of 'ariyya for selling dry dates (with) fresh dates after measuring them out.

Yahya b. Sa'id reported this hadith with the same chain of transmitters but with this change: 'Ariyya implies that date-palm trees should be donated to the people and then they sell it with a measure of dry dates.

Bushair b. Yasar reported on the authority of some of the Companion of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) that he exempted the transactions, of 'ariyya (from the direct exchange of one kind) after measuring the dry dates (in exchange for fresh dates).

Bushair b. Yasir reported on the authority of some of the Companions of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon hinn) from among the members of his family that he forbade (the direct exchange of a commodity having different qualities) but with the change that Ishaq and Ibn al-Muthanna used the word Zabn in place ot Riba and Ibn Abu 'Umar used the word Riba (interest).

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Sahl b. Abu Hathma.

'Abdullah (b. Umar) reported that Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) forbade Muzabana, i. e. buying of fresh dates (on) the trees for dry dates by measure, and the buying of grapes for raisins by measure and the selling of field of corn for corn by measure.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Nafi with another chain of transmitters.

Nafi reported on the authority of Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Whichever tree is bought with its roots, and if it is fecundatedits fruit would belong to one who has grafted it except when the provision is laid down by the buyer.

Jabir b. 'Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the types of sales as described before.

Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbidding Muhaqala and Muzabana and Mu'awama and Mukhabara. (One of the narrators) 'said: Sale years ahead is Mu'awama, and making exceptional but he made an exemption of araya.

Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade leasing of land, and selling ahead for years and selling of fruits before they become ripe.

Sulaiman b. Musa asked Ata': Did Jabir b. 'Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) as saying:" He who has land should cultivate it himself, or let his brother cultivate it, and should not give on rent"? He said: Yes.

Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) having forbidden Mukhabara.

Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported: We used to cultivate land on rent during the lifetime of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) and we got a share out of the grain left in the ears after threshing them and something unspecified. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: He who has land should cultivate it or let his brother till it, otherwise he should leave it.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of A'mash with the same chain of transmitters, but with a slight change of words.

Jabir b. `Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reportedthat Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had forbidden renting of land. Bukair (one of the narrators) said: Nafi` reported to me that he heard Ibn `Umar (Allah be pleased with them) saying: We usedto give land on rent; we then abandoned this practice when we heard the hadith of Rafi` b. Khadij.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: He who has land should cultivate it or lend it to his brother, but if he refuses, he should retain his land.

Zaid b. Amr reported: I heard Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) say: We did not see any harm in renting of the land, but as the first year was over Rafi' alleged Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) having forbidden that.

Nafi reported that Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) rented his land during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and during the caliphate of Abu Bakr and that of Umar and that of Uthman (Allah be pleased with them) and during the early period of Muawiya's caliphate until at the end of Muawiya's reign, it reached him (Ibn 'Umar) that Rafi b. Khadij (Allah be pleased with him) narratted (a hadith) in which (there was a decree) of prohibition by Allah's Apostle (ﷺ). He (Ibn 'Umar) went to him (Rafi b. Khadij) and I was with him and he asked him, whereupon he said: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to forbid the renting of land. So Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) abandoned it, and subsequently whenever he was asked about it, he said: Rafi b. Khadij (Allah be pleased with him) alleged that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade it.

Rafi b. Khadij (Allah be pleased with him) reported: We used to give on rent land during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). We rented it on the share of one-third or one-fourth of the (produce) along with a definite quantity of corn. One day a person from among my uncles came to us and said: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade us this act which was a source of benefit to us, but the obedience to Allah and to His Messenger (ﷺ) is more beneficial to us. He forbade us that we should rent land with one-third or one-fourth of (the produce) and the corn of a measure, and he commanded the owner of land that he should cultivate it or let it be cultivated by other (persons) but he showed disapproval of renting it or anything besides it.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Rafi' b. Khadij with the same chain of transmitters, but in it no mention is made of some of his uncles.

Abdullah b. al Sa'ib reported: I asked Abdullah b. Ma'qil about Muzara'a (cultivating land on share basis in the produce). He said: Thabit b. Dahhak informed me that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade Muzara'a as Ibn Abu Shaiba forbade it with a slight change of words. He (the narrator) said: I asked Ibn Ma'qil but he did not name 'Abdullah.

Abdullah b. al-Sa'ib reported: We visited 'Abdullah b. Ma'qil and asked him about sharing of crops, whereupon he said: Thabit alleged that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade Muzara'a and commanded leasing it out on rent (for money) and said: There is no harm in it.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade (two types of transactions) Mulamasa and Munabadha

Abu Huraira reported from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) a hadith like this through another chain cf transmitters.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported: Two types of trarisactions have been forbidden (by the Holy Prophet), al-Mlulamasa and al-Munabadha. As far as Mulamasa transaction is concerned, it is that every one of them (the parties entering into transaction) should touch the garment of the other without careful consideration, and al-Munabadha is that every one of them should throw his cloth to the other and one of them should not see the cloth of his friend.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn Shihab through the same chain of transmitters.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade a transaction determined by throwing stones, and the type which involves some uncertainty.

'Abdullah (b. 'Umar) (Allah be pleased with him) said that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the transaction called habal al-habala.

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that the people of pre-Islamic days used to sell the meat of the slaughtered camel up to habal al-habala. And habal al-habala implies that a she-camel should give birth and then the (born one should grow young) and become pregnant. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade them that (this transaction).

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: A person should not enter into a transaction when his brother is already making a transaction and he should not make a proposal of marriage when his brother has already made a proposal except when he gives permission.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the (people) meeting the caravan (for entering into business transaction with them), and the selling of goods by a townsman on behalf of a man of the desert, and seeking by a woman the divorce of her sister (from her husband), and outbidding (against one another), and tying up the udders (of animals), and buying of (things) in opposition to one's brother.

This hadith has been narrated through another chain of transmitters.

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Do not go out to meet merchandise in the way, (wait) until it is brought into the market. This hadith has been reported on the authority of Ibn Numair but with a slight change of words.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported it directly from Allah's Apostle (ﷺ): The townsman'should not sell for a man from the desert (with a view to taking advantage of his ignorance of the market conditions of the city). And Zuhair reported from the Prophet (ﷺ) that he forbade the townsman to sell on behalf of the man from the desert.

Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: The townsman should not sell for a man from the desert, leave the people alone, Allah will give them provision from one another. Yahya reported it with a slight change of words.

Anas b. Malik (Allah be pleased with him) said: We were forbidden that a townsman should sell for a man of the desert.

Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: He who buys food-rain should not sell it until he has taken possession of it. Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) said: I regard everything like food (so far as this principle is concerned).

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: He who buys foodgrain should not sell it until he has taken full possession of it.

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: He who bought foodgrain should not sell it until he had taken full possession of it (after measuring it).

Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that they were beaten during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) if they had bought foodgrains in bulk and then sold them in the spot without shifting them (to some other place).

Salim b. 'Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported his father havingsaid this: I saw people being beaten during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in case they bought the foodgrain in bulk, and then sold them at that spot before taking it to their places. This hadith is narrated on the authority of 'Ubaidullah b. Abdullah b. 'Umar through another chain of transmitters (and the words are):" His father (Ibn 'Umar) used to buy foodgrains in bulk and then carried them to his people."

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: He who bought foodgrain should not sell it until he had measured it. In the narration of Abu Bakr there the word is Ibta' instead of Ishtara.

Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) is reported to have said that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the sale of a heap of dates the weight of which is unknown in accordance with the known weight of dates.

Ibn Umar reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: There is no transaction between two persons entering a transaction until they separate, but only when there is an option to annul it.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Umar through another chain of transmitters.

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger' (ﷺ) as saying: Do not buy fruits (on the trees) until their good condition becomes clear.

In the hadith transmitted on the authority of Shu'ba it was stated that Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) was asked what good condition implied. He said: When (the danger of) blight is no more.

Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbidding the sale of fruit until its good condition is obvious.

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) forbidding the sale of fruits until their good condition becomes evident and the purchase of dates for dates.

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Traductions

🇬🇧 English

The Book of Transactions

🇸🇦 Arabic

كتاب البيوع — صحيح مسلم

Alias

🇸🇦 Arabic

كتاب البيوع