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It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said: "The first instance of Qasamah during the Jahiliyyah involved a man from Banu Hashim who was employed by a man from Quraish, from another branch of the tribe. He went out with him, driving his camels and another man from Banu Hashim passed by them. The leather rope of that man's bag broke, so he said (to the hired worker): 'Help me by giving me a rope with which to tie the handle of my bag, lest the camels run away from me. 'So he gave him a rope and he tied his gab with it. When they halted, all the camels' legs were hobbled except one camel. The one who had hired him said: 'Why is his camel, out of all of them, not hobbled? He said: 'There is no rope for it. He said: 'Where is its rope? He said: A man from Banu Hashim passed by and the leather rope of his bag had broken, and he asked me to help him; he said: "Help me by giving me a rope with which to tie the handle of my bag lest the camels run away from me, so I gave him a rope . " He struck him with a stick, which led to his death.Then a man from Yemen passed by him (the man from Banu Hashim, (the man from Banu Hashim, just before he died) and he (the Hashimi man) said: 'Are you going to attend the Pilgrimage? He said: 'I do not think I will attend it, but perhaps I will attend it.' He said: 'Will you convey a message from me once in your lifetime? He said: 'Yes. 'He said: 'If you attend the pilgrimage, then call out, O family of Quraish! If they respond, then call out, O family of Hashim! If they respond, then ask for Abu Talib, and tell him that so and so killed me for a rope.' Then the hired worker died. When the one who had hired him cam, Abu Talib went to him and said: 'What happened to our companion? He said: 'He fell sick and I took good care of him, but he died, so I stopped and buried him.' He said: 'He deserved that from you. 'Some time passed, then the Yemeni man who had been asked to convey the message arrived at the time of the pilgrimage. He said: 'O family of Quraish! And they said: 'Here is Quraish.' He said: 'O family of Banu Hashim! They said: 'Here is Banu Hashim.' He said" 'Where is Abu Talib? He said: 'Here is Abu Talib.' He said: 'so and so asked me to convey a message to you, that so and so killed him for a camel's rope.' Abu Talib went to him and said" 'Choose one of three alternatives that we are offering you. If you wish, you may give us one hundred camels, because you killed our companion by mistake: or if you wish, fifty of your men may swear an oath that you did not kill him; or if you wish, we will kill you in retaliation. 'He went to his people and told them about that, and they said: 'We will swear the oath.' Then a woman from Banu Hashim, who was married to one of their men and had born him a child, came to Abu Talib and said:' O Abu Talib, I wish that my son, who is one of these fifty men, should be excused from having to take the oath., So the excused him. Then one of the men came to him and said: 'O Abu Talib, you want fifty men to take the oath in lieu of one hundred camels, which means that each man may give two camels instead, so here are two camels; take them from me, and do not make me take the oath.' So he accepted them, and did not make him take the oath. Then forty-eight men came and took the oath." Ibn 'Abbas said: "By the One in Whose hand is my soul, by the time a year has passed, none of those forty-eight men remained alive."

It was narrated that Ibn Al-Musayyab said: "Qasamah existed during the Jahiliyyah, then the Messenger of Allah confirmed it in the case of an Ansari who was found slain in the dry well of the jews, and Ansar said: "The Jews kill our companion."'

It was narrated from Sahi bin Abi Hathmah that: 'Abdullah bin SAahi and Nubayysah bin Mas'ud bin Zaid went o Khaibar, and at that time there was peace treaty. They went their separate ways to about their business, then Muhayysah came upon 'Abdullah in Sahl lying dead in a pool of blood. He buried him, then he came to AL-Madinah. 'Abdur-Rahman bin Sahi. Huwayysah, and Muhayysah came to the Messenger of Allah, and 'Abdur-Rehman started to speak, but he was the youngest of them, so the Messenger of Allah said: "Let the elders speak first." So he fell silent and they (the other two) spoke. The Messenger of Allah said: "Will you swear fifty oaths, then you will receive compensation or be entitled to retaliate?" They said: "O Messenger of Allah, how can we swear an oath when we did not witness, and did not see (what happened)?" He said: "The n can the Jews swear fifty oaths declaring their innocence?" They said: "O Messenger of Allah, how can we accept the oath of a disbelieving people?" So the Messenger of Allah paid the blood money himself.

It was narrated from Sa'eed bin 'Ubaid At-Ta'l from Bushair bin Yasar who said: "A man from among the Ansar who was called Sahl bin Abi Hathmah told him that some of his people went to Khaibar, where they went their separate ways. Then they found one of their numbers slain. They said to those in whose land they found him: 'You killed our companion!' They said: 'We did not kill him and we do not know who killed him.' They went to the prophet of Allah and said: 'O Prophet of Allah, we went to Khaibar and we found one of our number slain.' The Messenger of Allah said: 'Let the elders speak first.' And he said to them: 'Bring proof of the one whom you suspect killed him.' They said: 'We do not have any proof.' He said: "Then let them swear an oath to you.' They said" 'We will not accept the oath of the Jews.' The Messenger of Allah did not want his blood to have been shed with no Justice done, so he paid a Diyah of one hundred camels from the Sadaqah." 'Amr bin Shu'aib differed with them.

It was narrated from 'Amr bin Shu'aib, from his father, from his grandfather, that: the younger son of Muhayysah was found slain one morning at the gate of one morning at the gates of Khaibar. The Messenger of Allah said: "Bring two witnesses to (say) who killed him, and he will hand him over to you." He said: "O Messenger of Allah, where shall I get two witnesses? He was found slain in the morning at their gates." He said: "Will you swear fifty oaths?" He said: "O Messenger of Allah, how can I swear concerning something I do not know?" The Messenger of Allah said: "Then will you accept fifty oaths from them?" He said: "O Messenger of Allah, how can we accept their oaths when they are Jews?" So the Messenger of Allah told them (the Jews) to pay the Diyah and he would help them with half."

It was narrated from 'Alqamah binWa'il Al-Hadrami that his farther said: A man who had killed someone was brought to the Messenger of Allah, and he was brought by the heir of the victim. The Messenger of Allah said to him. 'Will you forgive him? He said: No.' He said: 'Will you kill him? He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Go away.' Then when he went away, he called him back and said: will you forgive him?' He said: 'No.' He said: 'Will you accept the Diyah? He said: 'No.' He said: 'will you kill him? He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Go away.' Then when he had gone he said: If you forgive him, he will carry your sin and the sin of your companion (the victim)." So he forgave him and let him go." He said: "And I saw him dragging his string."

A similar report was narrated from 'Alqamah bin Wa'il from his father, from the Prophet. Yahya (one of the narrators) said: "He is better than him." [1]

It was narrated that Qais bin 'Ubad said: "Al-Ashtar and I went to 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, and said: Did the Prophet of Allah tell you anything that he did not tell to all the people?' He said: 'No, except what is in this letter of mine.' He brought out a letter from the sheath of his sword and it said therein: "The lives of the believers are equal in value, and they are one against others, and they hasten to support the asylum granted by the least of them. But no believer may be killed in return for a disbeliever, nor one with a covenant while his convenant is in effect. Whoever commits an offense then the blame is on himself, and whoever gives sanctuary to an offender, then upon him will be the curse of Allah, the angels and all the people."

It was narrated from Samurah that the Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever kills his slave, we will kill him: whoever mutilates (his slave). We will mutilate him, and whoever castrates (his slave), we will castrate him."

'Amr bin Dinar narrated that: he heard Tawus narrate from Ibn 'Abbas, from 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that he asked about the ruling of the Messenger of Allah concerning that. Hamal bin Malik stood up and said: "I was married to two women, and one of them struck the other with a tent pole and killed her and her fetus. The Prophet ruled that a slave be given (as Diyah) for her fetus and that she be killed (for killing the other woman)."

It was narrated from 'Aishah, the Mother of the Believers, that the Messenger of Allah said: "It is not permissible to kill a Muslim except in one of three cases: A adulterer who has been married, who is to be stoned; a man who kills a Muslim deliberately; and a man who leaves Islam and wages war against Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, and His Messenger, who is to be killed, crucified or banished from the land."

It was narrated that Abu Bakrah said: The Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever kills a Mu'ahad with no justification, Allah will forbid Paradise to him and he will not even smell its fragrance."

It was narrated from Anas that: the Messenger of Allah ruled that Qisas should be given for a tooth. The Messenger of Allah said: "The Messenger of Allah said: "What Allah has decreed is retaliation."

It was narrated from Samurah that the Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever kills his slave, we will kill him, and whoever mutilates his slave, we will mutilate him."

It was narrated from 'Imran bin Husain that: a man bit another man in the forearm, and his front tooth fell out, so he went to the Prophet and told him about that. He said: "Do you want to bite your brother's forearm as a stallion bites?" And he judged it to be invalid.

A similar report to that of the one who bit (another man) and his from tooth fell out was narrated from Ibn Ya'la from his father, in which the Prophet said: "There is no Diyah for you."

It was narrated from Safwan bin Ya'la that: his father wen on the campaign of Tabuk with the Messenger of Allah, and he hired a man who fought with another man. The man bit his forearm, and when it hurt him, he pulled it away, and the man's front tooth fell out. The matter was referred to the Messenger of Allah who said: "Would one of you deliberately bit his brother as a stallion bites?" And he judged it to be invalid.

It was narrated from 'Aishah that: the Messenger of Allah sent Abu Jahm bin Hudhaifah to collect Zakah and a man argued with him about his Sadaqah, so Abu Jahm struck him. They came to the prophet and he said: "Diyah, O Messenger of Allah." He said: "You will have such and such," but they did not accept it. The Messenger of Allah said: "You will have such and such," and they accepted it. The Messenger of Allah said: "I am going to address the people and tell them that you accepted it." They said: "Yes." So the Prophet addressed (the people) and said: "Those people came to me seeking compensation, and I offered them such as such, and they accepted." They said: "No." The Muhajirun wanted to attack them, but the Messenger of Allah ordered them to refrain, so they refrained. Then he called them and said: "Do you accept?" They said:" Yes." He said: "I and going to address the people and tell them that you accepted it." They said: "Yes." So the Prophet addressed (the people), then he said: "Do you accept?" They said: "Yes."

It was narrated that Anas said: "A case requiring Qisas was brought to the Messenger of Allah and he enjoined them to pardon."

Abu Salamah narrated that the Messenger of Allah said: "If a person's relative is killed." In Mursal form. (Shah)

It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'Whoever is killed in the blind or by something thrown, while between them is a rock, a wipe, or a stick, then the blood money of be paid for him is the blood money for accidental killing. Whoever kills deliberately, then retaliation is upon him, and whoever tries to prevent that, upon him is the curse of Allah, the Angels, and all the people, and neither Sarf nor Adl will be accepted from him."

It was narrated from Abdullah bin 'Amr that the prophet said: "Indeed the accidental killing, which seems intentional, with a whip or a stick, (the Diyah) is one hundred camels, of which forty should be (she-camels) with their young in their wombs."

It was narrated from 'Uqbah bin Aws, that: a man from among the Companions of the Prophet delivered a speech on the Day of the Conquest of Makkah and said: 'Indeed the accidental killing, which seems international, with a whip, a stick, or a rock, (the Diyah) is one hundred camels, of which forty should be pregnant she-camels between the ages of six and nine years old, all in the middle of their pregnancies."

It was narrated that Ibn 'Umar said: "The Messenger of Allah stood up on the Day of the Conquest of Makkah, on the steps of Ka'bah. He praised and glorified Allah, then he said: 'Praise be to Allah who has fulfilled His slave and defeated the confederates alone. The one who is killed purposefully by mistake, with a whip or a stick, resembling on purpose, for that (the Diyah) is one hundred camels-a severe penalty-of which forty should be pregnant she-camels with their young in their wombs."'

It was narrated from Al- Qasim bin Rabi'ah that the Messenger jof Allah said: "The accident that resembles on purpose, meaning (killing) with a stick or a whip, (for which the Diyah is) one hundred camels, of which forty should be (pregnant she-camels), with their young in their wombs."

In Mas'ud said: "The Messenger of Allah ruled that the Diyah for accidental killing is twenty Bint Makhad, twenty Bin Makhad, twenty Bint Labur, twenty Jadh'ah, and twenty Hiqqah."

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that: the Prophet ruled that twelve thousand (should be given) as Diyah. (Hahan)

It was narrated from 'Amr bin Shu'aib, from his father, that his grandfather said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'The blood money of a woman (in the event of injury) is like the blood money of a man, up to one-third of the Diyah (for her life)."

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas tht the Prophet said: "The Mukatab is free to the extent that the has paid off (toward buying his freedom); he Hadd punishment should be carried out on him proportionate to the amount he has paid off (toward buying his freedom); and he inherits proportionate to the amount he has paid off (toward buying his freedom)."

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin Buraidah, from his father, that: a woman threw some pebbles and stuck another woman, and she miscarried. The Messenger of Allah stipulated (a Diyah of ) fifty sheep for her child. And on that day, he forbade throwing pebbles.

Hamal bin Malik said: "The Messenger of Allah ruled that a slave (should be given as Diyah) for a fetus." Tawus said: "A horse would do in place of a slave."

It was narrated from Al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah that: a woman struck her co-wife with a tent pole and killed her, and she (the slain woman) was pregnant. She was brought to the Prophet, and the Messenger of Allah ruled that the 'Asabah of the killer should pay the Diyah , and a slavae (should be paid) for the fetus. Her 'Asabah said: "Should Diyah be paid for one who neither ate nor drank, or shouted or cried (at the moment of birth)? Such a one should be overlooked." The prophet said: "Rhyming verse like the verse of the Bedouins."

It was narrated that Al-Muhgirah bin Shu'bah said: "A woman of Banu Lihyan struck her co-wife with a tent pole and killed her, and the slain woman was pregnant. The Messenger of Allah ruled that the Diyah was to be paid by the'Asbah of the killer, and that a slave should be given (as Diyah) for the child in her womb".

It was narrated from al-a'mash from Ibrahim who said: "I woman struck her co-wife, who was pregnant, with a rock and killed her Messenger of Allah ruled that a slave should be given (as Diyah) for the child in her woman, and that her Diyah should be paid by her 'Asabah. They said:' should we be penalized for one who neither after nor drank, or shouted or cried (at the moment of birth)? Such a one should be overlooked.' He said: 'Rhyming vase like the vase of the Bedouisn? It is what I say to (sahih)

It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said; "There were two women neighbors between whom there was some trouble. One of them threw a rock at the other a she miscarried a boy - whose hair had already grown -0 who was or dead, and the woman died too. He ruled that the 'Aqilah had to pay the Diyah. Her paternal uncle said: 'O Messenger of Allah, she miscarried a boy whose hair had grown.' The father of the killer said: "He is lying. By Allah he never cried or shouted (at the moment of birth), nor drank nor ate. Such a one should be overlooked.' The Prophet said: 'rhyming verse like the verse of the Jahiliyyah and of its soothsayers? A slave must be given (as Diyah) for the boy, ''' Ibn 'Abbes said; "One of then was Mulaikah and the other was Umm Ghatif."

It was narrated from'Amrbin shu'aib, from his father that his grandfather said: "the Messenger of Allah said: 'Whoever practices medicine when he is not known for that, he is liable.(Daif)

Narrator mentioned in hadith: A similar report was narrated from 'Amr bin shu'aib, from his father, from his grandfather. (Daif)

It was narrated that Tha'labah bin Zahdam said: "some people from Banu Tha'labah came to the Prophet when he was delivering a speech and a man said; "O Messenger of Allah, these are Banu Tha'labah bin Yarbu' who killed so and so' - one of the Companions of the Prophet The Prophet said: "No soul is affected by the sin of another.

It was narrated that Tha'1abah bin Zahdam said: "Some people from Banu Tha'labah came to the Prophet (ﷺ) when he was delivering a speech and a man said: 'O Messenger of Allah, these are Banu Tha'labah bin Yarbu' who killed so and so' - one of the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ). The Prophet (ﷺ) said: 'No soul is affected by the sin of another."'

It was narrated from Abu Musa Al-Asha'ari that the Prophet of Allah said: "Fingers are the same, (the Diyah is) ten (camel).

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas: "This and this are the same: The little finger and the thumb (sahih)

It was narrated from 'Amr bin Shu'aib that his father told him that 'Abdullah bin 'Amr said: "When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) conquered Makkah , he said in his Khutbah: 'For any wound that exposes the bone, the diyah is five (camels) each.'"

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Prophet said: "Whoever looks into a house without the permission of the occupants and they put out his eye, he has no right to blood money or retaliation."

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin 'Amr that the Prophet said: "The major sins are: associating others with Allah, disobeying parents, killing a souls (murder) and swearing a false oath knowingly.

Abu Salamah and Sulaiman bin Yasar narrated from one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, one of the Ansar, that: the Messenger or Allah approved of Qasamah as it had been during the Jahiliyyah.

It was narrated from Sahl bin Abi Hathmah that: 'Abdullah bin Sahl and Muhayysah set out for Khaibar because of some problem that had arisen. Someone came to Muhayysah and he told him that 'Abdullah bin Sahl had been Killed and thrown into a pit, or a well. He came to the Jews and said: "By Allah, you killed him. " They said: "By Allah, we did not kill him."Then he went back to the Messenger of Allah and told him about that. Then he and Huwayysah - his brother who was older than him - and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Sahl, came (to the Prophet). Muhayysah, who was the one who had been at Khaibar, began to speak, but the messenger of Allah said: "Let the elder speak first," So Huwayysah elder speaks first." So Huwayysah spoke, then Muhayysah spoke. The Messenger of Allah said: "Either (the Jews) will pay the Diyah for your comanion, or war will be declared on them." The Messenger of Allah sent a letter to that effect (to the Jews) and they wrote back saying: "By Allah, we did not kill him." The Messenger of Allah said to Huwayysah. Muhayysah and 'Abdur-Rahman: "Will you swear an oath establishing your claim to the blood money of your companion?" They said: "No." He said: "Should the jews swear an oath for you? They said: "They are not Muslims." So the Messenger of Allah paid (the Diyah) himself, and he sent one hundred she-camels to their abodes. Sahl said: "A red she-camel from among them kicked me."

It was narrated from Sahl bin Abi Hathmah that: 'Abdullah bin Sahi Al-Anasri and Muhayysah bin Mas'ud went out to Khaibar and went their separate ways to go about their business. 'Abdullah bin Sahl Al-Anasari was killed and Muhayysah. 'Abdur-Rahman, who was the brother of the victim, and Huwayysah, came to the Messenger of Allah. 'Abdur-Rahman started to speak, but the prophert said to him: "Let the elders speak first." So Muhayysah and Huwayysah spoke and told him about the case of 'Abdullah bin Sahl. The Messenger of Allah said: "Will you swear fifty oaths, then you will receive compensation or be entitled to retaliate?" They said: "How can we swear an oath when we did not witness (what happened) and we were not there?" The Messenger of Allah said: "Then can the Jews swear fifty oaths declaring their innocence?" They said: "O Messenger of Allah, how can we accept the oath of a disbelieving people?" So the Messenger of Allah paid the blood money himself. (One of the narrators) Bushair said: 'One of those camels kicked me in a Mirbad of ours."'

It was narrated that Sahl bin Abi Hathmah said: "Abdullah bin Sahl was found slain, and his brother, and two paternal uncles, Huwayysah and Huwayisaah, who were the paternal uncles of 'Abdullah bin Sahl, came to the Messenger of Allah. 'Abdur-Rahman started to speak, but the Messenger of Allah said: "Let the elders speak first." They said: "O Messenger of Allah, we found 'Abdullah bin Sahl slain in one of the dry wells of Khaibar." The prophet said: "Whom do you suspect? They said: "We suspect the Jews." He said: "Will you swear fifty oaths saying that the Jews killed him?" They said: "How can we swear an oath about something that we did not see?" He said: "Then can the Jews swear fifty oaths declaring that they did not kill him?" They said:"How can we accept their oaths, when they are Mushrikun?" So the Messenger of Allah paid the blood money himself. (Sahih) Malik narrated this in Mursal from.

It was narrated from Bushair bin Yasar that: 'Abdullah bin Sahl Al-Ansari and Muhayysah bin Mas'ud went out to Khaibar, where they went their separate ways to go about their business. 'Abdullah bin Sahl was killed, and Muhayysah came (to Madinah) and went with his brother Huwayysah and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Sahl to the Messenger of Allah. 'Abdur-Rahaman started to speak, because of his position as brother (of the slain man) but the Messenger of Allah said: "Let the elders speak first." So Huyysah and Muhayysah spoken, and told him about what happened to 'Abdullah bin Sahl. The Messenger of Allah said to them: "Will you sewer fifty oaths, then you will receive compensation or be entitled to retaliate?" (In his narration) Malik said: "Yahya said: 'Bushair said that the Messenger of Allah paid the blood money himself, but Sa'eed bin 'Ubaid At-Ta'l disagreed with them (in reporting that).''

'Alqamah bin Wa'il narrated from his father that he was sitting with the Messenger of Allah when a man came leading another man by a string. He said: "O Messenger of Allah, this man killed my brother." The Messenger of Allah said to him: "Did you kill him?" He said: "O Messenger of Allah even if he did not confess I would have brought proof against him." He said: "Yes, I killed him." He said: "How did you kill him?" He said: "He and I were chopping firewood from a tree and he insulted me, so I got angry and struck him with the ax on the forehead." The Messenger of Allah said: "Do you have any wealth with which you can pay the Diyah to save yourself?" He said: "O Messenger of Allah, I do not have anything but my ax and my clothes." The Messenger of Allah said to him: "Do you think your people will pay to save you?" He said: "I am too insignificant to them for that." He threw the string to the man and said: "Here, thank him." When he turned to go, the Messenger of Allah said: "If he kills him, he will be like him. "They caught up with the man, and said: "Woe to you! The Messenger of Allah said: 'If he kills him, he will be like him. "So he went back to the Messenger of Allah and said: "O Messenger of Allah, I have been told that you said: 'if he kills him, he will be like him. 'But I only took him because you told me to. He said: 'Don't you want him to carry your sin and the sin of your companion (the victim)?' He said: 'Yes, if that is the case.' He said: 'And that is how it is."'

It was narrated from Simak bin Harb that 'Alqamah bin Wa'il told him that his father said: "I was sitting with the Messenger of Allah when a man came leading another" (and he narrated) a similar report.

It was narrated from 'Alqamah bin Wa'il that: his father told them that a man who had killed another man was brought to the Prophet and he handed him over to their of the victim to kill him. Then the Prophet said to those who were sitting with him: "The killer and the slain will both be in Fire. "A man went after him and told him that, and when he told him that, he left him (let him go). He (the narrator) said: "I saw him dragging his string when he let him go. I mentioned that the Habib and he said: 'Sa'eed bin Ashwa' told me that the Prophet commanded the man to forgive him."'

It was narrated from Ans bin Malik that a man brought the killer of his kinsman to the Messenger of Allah and the Prophet said: "Forgive him." But he refused. He said: "Take the Diyah," but he refused. He said: "Go and kill him then, for you are just like him." So he went away, but some people caught up with the man and told him that the Messenger of Allah had said: "Messenger of Allah had said: "Kill him for you are just like him." So he let him go, and the man passed by me dragging his string.

It was narrated from Dawud hin Al-Husain, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas, that the Verses in AL-Ma'idah, in which Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, says: "Either judge between them, or turn away from them. If you turn away from then up to: those who act justly."[1] - were revealed concerning the matter of blood money between An-Nadir and Quraizah. That was because the slain of An-Nadir were of noble status, so the blood money would be paid in full for them, but for Banu Quraizah only half of the blood money would be paid. They referred the matter to the Messenger of Allah for judgment, then Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed that concerning them, so the Messenger of Allah told them to do the right thing and he made the blood money equal.

It was narrated that Anas bin Malik said: "A girl went out wearing some jewelry and a Jew caught her, crushed her head between two rocks and took the jewelry that she was wearing. She was found as she was breathing her last, and she was brought to the Messenger of Allah who said: 'Who killed you? Was it so and so?' She gestured no with her head, and he continued asking until he named the Jew, and she gestured yes with her head. He was caught and he confessed (to his crime), then the Messenger of Allah ordered that his head be crushed between two rocks."

It was narrated that Abi Hassan said: "Ali said: 'The Messenger of Allah did not tell me anything that he did not tell the people, except what is in a sheet in the sheath of my word.' They did not leave him alone until he brought out the sheet, and in it (were the words): 'The lives of the believers are equal in value, and they hasten to support the asylum granted by the least of them, and they are one against others. But no believer may be killed in return for a disbeliever, nor one with a covenant while his covenant is in effect."

Abu Bakrah said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'Whoever kills a Mu'ahad with no justification, Allah will forbid Paradise to him."

It was narrated from Al-Qasim bin Al-Mukhaimirah, from a man among the Companions of the Prophet, that the Prophet said: "Whoever kills a man from among Ahl Adh-Dhimmah.[2] he will not smell the fragrance of Paradise, and its fragrance may be detected from a distance of seventy years."

It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin 'Amr said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'Whoever kills a person from among Ahl Adh-Dhimmah, he will not smell the fragrance of Paradise, and its fragrance may be detected from a distance of forty years."

It was narrated from Samurah that the Prophet of Allah said: "Whoever castrates his slave, we will castrate him, and whoever mutilates his slave, we will mutilate him." This is the wording of Ibn Bashshar (one of the narrators).

Anas narrated that: his paternal aunt broke the front tooth of a girl and the Prophet of Allah decreed retaliation. Her brother, Anas bin An-Nadr, said: "Will you break the front tooth of so and so? No, by the One Who sent you with the truth, the front tooth of so and so will not be broken!" Before that, they had asked her family for forgiveness and blood money. When her brother - who was the paternal uncle of Anas and was martyred at Uhud - swore that oath, the people agreed to forgive. The Prophet said: "There are among the slaves of Allah who, if they swear by Allah, Allah fulfills their oath."

It was narrated from Ya'la bin Munyah that: a man from Banu Tamim fought with another man, and he bit his hand, so he pulled it away and a front tooth fell out. They referred the dispute to the Messenger of Allah, who said: "Would one of you bite his brother as a young camel bites?" and he thwarted it, meaning he judged it to be invalid.

It was narrated from Safwan bin 'Abdullah that his two paternal uncles, Salamah and Ya'la, the sons of Umayyah, said: "We went out with the Messenger of Allah on the campaign of Tabuk, and there was a friend of ours with us, who fought with a man from among the Muslims. The man bit him on the forearm, so he pulled it away from his mouth and a tooth fell out. The man came to the Prophet, seeking blood money, but his brother and bite him like a stallion bites, then come and demand blood money? There is no blood money for that." And the Messenger of Allah juddgedit to be invalid.

It was narrated from Safwan bin Ya'la that his father said: "I went on the campaign to Tabuk with the Messenger of Allah, and I hired a worker. My hired man fought with another man. The other one bit him, and his front tooth fell out. He went to the Prophet and told him about that, but the Prophet considered it to bin vain.

It was narrated that Ya'la bin Umayyah said: "I went on a campaign with the Messenger of Allah in the Army of Hardship, and this was the deed of which I was most sure. I had a hired man who fought with another person. One of them bit the finger of the other, who pulled his finger away and a front tooth fell out. He went to the Prophet who considered the tooth to be in vain, and said: "Would he put his hand in your mouth for you to bite it?"

It was narrated from Safwan bin Ya'la bin Munyah that: a hired man of Ya'la bin Munyah was bitten by another on his forearm and he pulled it away from his mouth. The matter was referred to the Prophet, as his front tooth had fallen out, but the Messenger of Allah considered it an invalid claim, and said: "No,; should he put (his forearm) in your mouth for you to bite it as a stallion bites?"

It was narrated from Anas, that: a Jew saw some jewelry on a girl, so he killed her with a rock. She was brought to the Prophet as she was breathing her last, and he said: "Did so and so kill you?" - Shu'bah (one of the narrators) gestured with his head, to show that she had gestured no. - He said: "Did so and so kill you?" - Shu'bah (one of the narrators) gestured with his head to show that she had gestured no. - He said: "Did so and so kill you?" - Shu'bah (one of the narrators) gestured with his head to show that she had gestured yes. - So the Messenger of Allah called for him, and killed him with two rocks.

It was narrated from Ya'qub bin Aws, from a man among the Companions of the Prophet that: when the Messenger of Allah entered Makkah on the Day of the Conquest, he said: "Indeed, every accidental killing on purpose, or resembling on purpose - killing with a whip or stick, for it are forty (she-camels) which their young in their wombs."

It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said: "A man killed another man during the time of the Messenger of Allah, and the Prophet set the Diyah at twelve thousand. And he mentioned His saying: And they could not find any cause to do so except that Allah and His Messenger had enriched them of His Bounty. concerning them taking the Dyah." (Hasan) This is the wording of Abu Dawud.

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that: a Mukatab was killed at the time of the Messenger of Allah and he commanded that the Diyah be paid (equivalent) to the Diyah for a free man, (proportionate to the amount he had paid off towards buying his freedom).

"Abdullah bin Buraidah narrated that: a woman threw pebbles at another woman and the woman who was struck miscarried. The matter was referred to the prophet and he set the blood money for her child at five hundred sheep. And on that day, he forbade throwing pebbles. (Sahih) Abu 'Abdur-Rahman (An-Nasa'i) said: This is an error, and it must be that the intent was one hundred camels. And the prohibition of throwing pebbles has been related from 'Abdullah bin Buraidah, from 'Abdullah bin Mughaffal.

It was narrated from Sa'eed bin Al-Musayyab that: the Messenger of Allah ruled that for a fetus which is killed in the mother's womb, a male or female slave be given (as Diyah). The one against whom he passed this ruling said: "How can I pay blood money for one who neither ate nor drank, or shouted or cried (at the moment of birth)? Such a one should be overlooked." The Messenger of Allah said: "This is one of the soothsayers."'

It was narrated that Al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah said: "A woman struck her co-wife, who was pregnant, with a tent pole and Killed her, The Messenger of Allah ruled that the 'Asahab of the Killer was to pay the Diyah and to give a slave (as Diyah for ) the child in her womb. One of the'Asabah of the killer said: 'Am I to pay blood money for one whom neither ate nor drank, or shouted or cried (at the moment of birth)? Such a one should be overlooked. The Messenger of Allah said: 'Rhyming verse like the verse of the Bedouin?' and he made them pay the Diyah

It was narrated that Abu Rimthah said; "I came to the Prophet with my father and he said: 'Who is this with you?' He said:' my son, I bear witness (that he is my son). He said: 'You cannot be affected by his sin or he by yours.

It was narrated from Tariq and Muharibi that a manh said: "O Messenger of Allah, these are Banu Tha'labah who killed so and so during the Jahiliyyah: avenger us! He raised his arms until the whiteness of his armpits could be seen and said: "No mother's sin can affect her child," twice. (Shaih)

It was narrated fromabu MUsa that the Prophet said: "For fingers (the Diyah is ) ten (camels) each.

It was narrated from Sa'eed bin al-Musayyab that: when the letter was found that was with the family of 'Amr bin Hazm, which they said the Messenger of Allah had written to them, they found in it, with regard to fingers, that the Diyahwas ten (Camels) for each.

It was narrated that Ibn 'abbas said: "The (Diyah for) fingers are ten each."

It was narrated from 'Amr bin Shu'aib, from his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said in his khutbah, while he was leaning with his back against the Ka'bah: "The fingers are the same."

It was narrate that Az-Zuhri said: "Abu Bakr bin Hazm brought me a letter on a piece of leather (which was ) from the Messenger of Allah: 'This is a statement from Allah and His Messenger: 'O you who believe! Fulfill (your obligations. And he quoted some Verses from it. Then he said: 'For a soul, one hundred camels; for an eye, fifty camels; for a hand, fifty; for a foot, fifty; for a blow to the head that reaches the brain, one-third of the Diyah: for a hand, fifty; for a stab wound that penetrates deeply, one-third of the Diyah; for a blow that breaks a bone, fifteen camels; for fingers, ten each; for teeth, five each; for a wound that exposes the bone, five. (Daif)

It was narrated form Anas bin Malik that: a Bedouin came to the door of the prophet and put his eye to the crack. The Prophet saw him and intended to put his eye out with a sword or a stick. When he saw him , he stopped, and the Prophet said to hi: "If you had persisted, I would have put your eye out."

it was narrated from Abu Salamah and Sulaiman bin Yasar, from some of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, that: Qasamah existed during the Jahiliyyah and the Messenger of Allah approved of it as it had been during the Jahiliyyah, and he ruled accordingly among some of the Ansar concerning a victim whom they claimed the Jews of Khaibar had Killed. (Sahih) Ma'mar contradicted the two of them.

It was narrated from Abu Laila bin 'Abdullah bin 'Abdur-Rahman bin Sahl, from Sahl bin Abi Hathmah, that: he informed him, ans some men among the elders of his people, that "Abdullah bin Sahl and Muhayysah set out for Khaibar because of some problem that had arisen. Someone came to Muhayysah, and he told him that 'Abdullah bin Sahl had been killed and thrown into a pit or well. He came to the Jews and said: "By Allah, you killed him." They said: "By Allah, we did not kill him." Then he went baack to his people and told them about that. Then he and his brother Huwayysah, who was older than him, and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Sahl, came (to the prophet). Muhayysah, who was the one who had been at Khaibar, bnegan to speak, but the Messenger of Allah said: "Let the elder speak first." So Huwayysah spoke, then Muhayysah spoke. The Messenger of Allah said: "Either (the Jews) will pay the Diyah for your companion, or war will be declared on them." The Messenger of Allah sent a letter to that effect (to the Jews) and they wrote back saying: "By Allah, we did not kill him." The Messenger of Allah and 'Abdur-Rahman: "Will you swear an oath establishing your claim to the blood money of your companion?" They said: "No." He said: "Should the Jews swear an oath for you?" They said: "They are not Muslims." So the Messenger of Allah paid it himself, and he sent one hundred she-camels to their abodes. Sahl said: "A red she-camel from among them kicked me."

It was narratd that Sahl bin Abi Hatmah said: "Abdullah bin Sahl and Muhayysah bin Mas'ud bin Zaid went to Khaibar, and at that time there was a peace treaty. They went their separatea ways to go about their business, then Muhayysah came upon 'Abdullah bin Sahl lying dead in a pool of blood. He buried him, then he camae to Al-Madinah. 'Abdur-Rahman bin Sahl and Huwhayysah, and Muhayysah, the tow sons of Nas'ud, came to the Messenger of Allah, and "Abdur-Rahman started to speak, but the Messenger of Allah said: "Let the elders speak first," for he was the youngest of them. So he fell silent and they (the other two) spoke. The Messenger of Allah said: "Will you sear fifty oaths, then you will receive compensation or be entitled to retaliate?" They said: "O Messenger of Allah, how can we a wear and oath when we did not witness and did not see (what happened)" He said: "Then can the Jews swear fifty oaths declaring their innocence?" They said: "O Messenger of Allah, how can we accept the oath of a disbelieving people?" So the Messenger of Allah paid the blood money himself.

It was narrated that Wa'il said: "I saw the Messenger of Allah when the heir of a victim brought the killer, leading him by a string. The Messenger of Allah said to the heir of the victim: Will you forgive him?' He said: 'No., He said: 'Will you accept Diyah?' He said: 'No.' He said: 'Will you kill him?' He said: 'Yes.' He said" 'Take him away (to kill him).' When he took him and turned away, he turned to those who were with him, and called him back, and said to him: 'Will you forgive him?' He said: No.' He said: 'Will you accept Diyah?' He said: No.' He said: 'Will you kill him?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Take him away.' Then the Messenger of Allah said: 'If you forgive him, he will carry your sin and the sin of your companion (the victim).' So he forgave him and left him, and I was him dragging his string."

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin Buraidah, from the father, that a man came to the Prophet and said: "This man killed my brother." He said: "Go and kill him as he killed your brother." The man said to him: "Fear Allah and let me go, for that will bring you a greater reward and will be better for you and your brother on the Day of Resurrection." So he let him go. The Prophet was told about that, so he asked him about it, and he told him what he had said. He said: "Pardoning him would be better for you than what he would have done for you on the Day of Resurrection when he said: 'O Lord, ask him why he killed me."'

It was narrated from Simak, from 'Ikrimah, that Ibn 'Abbas said: "There were (the two tribes of) Quraizah and An-Nadir, and An-Nadir was nobler than Quraiaah. If a man of Quraizah Killed a man of An-Nadir, he would be killed in return, but if a man of An-Nadir killed a man of Quraizah, he would pay a Diyah of one hundred Wasqs of dates. When An-Nadir killed a man of Quraizah, and they said: 'Hand him over to us and we will kill him.' They said: 'Between us and you (as judge) is the Prophet.' So they came to him, then the following was revealed: "And if you judge, judge with justice between them."[3] Al-Qisl (justice) means a soul for a soul. Then the following was revealed: "Do they then seek the judgment of (the days of) Ignorance?"[4]

It was narrated from 'Ali, may Allah be please with him that the Prophet said: "The lives of the believers are equal in value, and they are one against others, and they hasten to support the asylum granted by the least of them. But no believer may be killed in return for a disbeliever, nor one with a covenant while his covenant is in effect."

It was narrated from Samurah that the Prophet said: "Whoever kills his slave, we will kill him, and whoever mutilates his slave, we will mutilate him."

It was narrataed from Al-Ashtar that he said to 'Ali: "What the people have been hearing from you has become widespread. If the Messenger of Allah told you anything, then tell us," He said: "The Messenger of Allah did not tell me anything that he did not tell the people, except that in the sheath of my sword there is a sheet, in which it says: 'The lives of the believers are equal in value, and they hasten to support the asylum granted by the least of them. But no believer may be killed in return for a disbeliever, nor one with a covenant while his covenant is in effect."' It is an abridgement of it.

It was narrated that Anas said: "Ar-Rubai broke the front tooth of a girls, and they asked them (her people) to forgive her, but they refused. They offered them blood money, but they refused. Then they went to the Prophet and he decreed relation. Anas Bin An-Nadr said: "O Messenger of Allah, will you break the front tooth of Ar-Rubai'? No, by the One Who sent you with the truth, it will not be broken!" He said: "O Anas, what Allah has decreed is retaliation." But the people agreed to forgive her. He (the Prophet) said: "There are among the slaves of Allah who, if they swear by Allah, Allah fulfills their oath."

It was narrated from 'Imran bin Husain that a man bit another man on the forearm: he pulled it away and a front tooth fell out. The matter was referred to the Messenger of Allah and he canceled (the Diyah) and said: "Did you want to bite your brother's flesh as a stallion bites?"

It was narrated from 'Imran bin Husain that: Ya'la said, concerning the one who bit (another), and his front tooth fell out, that the Prophet said: "There is no Diyah for you." (Sahih )

It was narrated from Ya'la bin Munyah that: he fought a man and one of them bit the other, who pulled his forearm away from his mouth, and a front tooth fell out. The matter was referred to the Prophet and he said: "Would one of you bite his brother as a young camel bites?" And judged it to be invalid.

It was narrated from Safwan bin Ya'la, from his father, that: a man bit the hand of another man and his front tooth fell out. He came to the Prophet but he considered it in vain.

It was narrated from Ya'la that: he hired a worker who fought with a man and bit his hand, and his from tooth fell out. So he referred the dispute to the Prophet who said: "Do you want to bite his hand as a stallion bites?"

Ibn 'Abbad narrated that: a man slandered one of his forefathers from the time of the Jahiliyyah, and Al-'Abbas slapped him. His people came and said: "Let him slap him as he slapped him," and they prepared for quarrel. News of that reached the Prophet, and he ascended the Minbar and said: "O People, which of the people of the Earth do you know to be the most noble before Allah?" They said: "You." He said: "Al-Abbas belongs to me and I to him. Do not defame our dead or offend our living." Those people came and said: "O Messenger of Allah, we seek refuge with Allah from your anger; pray to give us."

It was narrated from Abu Firas that "Umar said: "I saw the Messenger of Allah allowing others to seek retaliation against him."

It was narrated from Anas that: the Messenger of Allah sent a detachment jof troops to some people of Khath'am, who sought to protect themselves by prostrating (to demonstrate that they were Muslims), but they were killed. The Messenger of Allah ruled that half the Diyah should be paid, and said: "I am innocent of any Muslim who (lives with) a Mushrik.' Then the Messenger of Allah said: "Their fires should not be visible to one another."'

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🇬🇧 English

The Book of Oaths (qasamah), Retaliation and Blood Money

🇸🇦 Arabic

كتاب القسامة