The Times of Prayer

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\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik thatYahya ibn Said used to say,\n"Even if someone manages to pray before the time of the prayer has\npassed, the time that has passed him by is more important, or better,\nthan his family and wealth."\n\n\nYahya said that Malik said, "If\nthe time for a prayer comes and a traveller delays a prayer through\nneglect or forgetfulness until he reaches his family, he should do\nthat prayer in full if he arrives within the time. But if he arrives\nwhen the time has past, he should do the travelling prayer. That way\nhe only repays what he owes."\n\n\nMalik said, "This is what I\nhave found the people and men of knowledge doing in our community."\nMalik explained that shafaq was the redness in the sky after the sun\nhad set, and said, "When the redness has gone then the isha prayer is\ndue and you have left the time of maghrib."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that Abu Hurayra\nused to say, "Whoever catches the ruku has caught the sajda and\nwhoever misses the recitation of the umm al-Qur'an has missed much\ngood."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam from Ata ibn\nYasar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him\npeace, said, "Scorching heat is a part of the blast of Jahannam. So,\nwhen the heat is fierce, delay the prayer until it gets cooler."\n\n\nHe added in explanation, "The Fire complained to its Lord and\nsaid, 'My Lord, part of me has eaten another part,' so He allowed it\ntwo breaths in every year, a breath in winter and a breath in summer."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Anas ibn\nMalik said, "We would pray asr and anyone who then went to Quba would\narrive there while the sun was still high."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik, from his uncle Abu Suhayl from\nhis father that Umar ibn al-Khattab wrote to Abu Musa saying that he\nshould pray dhuhr when the sun had started to decline, asr when the\nsun was still pure white before any yellowness had entered it maghrib\nwhen the sun had set, and to delay isha as long as he did not sleep,\nand to pray subh when the stars were all visible and like a haze in\nthe sky and to read in it two long suras from the mufassal.\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Yazid ibn Ziyad that Abdullah\nibn Rafi, the mawla of Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah\nbless him and grant him peace, asked Abu Hurayra about the time of the\nprayer. Abu Hurayra said, "Let me tell you. Pray dhuhr when the length\nof your shadow matches your height, asr when your shadow is twice your\nheight, maghrib when the sun has set, isha in the first third of the\nnight, and subh in the very first light of dawn," i.e. when the dawn\nhas definitely come.\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Said ibn al-\nMusayyab that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant\nhim peace, said, "Anyone who eats this plant should not come near our\nmosques. The smell of the garlic will offend us."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Abd ar-Rahman ibn al-Mujabbar\nthat he used to see Salim ibn Abdullah pull the cloth away fiercely\nfrom the mouth of any man he saw covering his mouth while praying.\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn Urwa from his\nfather that Umar ibn al-Khattab wrote to Abu Musa al-Ashari that he\nshould pray asr when the sun was still pure white so that a man could\nride three farsakhs (before maghrib) and that he should pray Isha\nduring the first third of the night, or, if he delayed it, then up\nuntil the middle of the night, and he warned him not to be forgetful.\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z Zinad from al-Araj from\nAbu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant\nhim peace, said, "When the heat is fierce, wait until it gets cooler\nbefore you do the prayer, for scorching heat is from the blast of\nJahannam."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar\nibn al-Khattab used to say, "If the ruku has passed you by, so has the\nsajda."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam from Ata ibn\nYasar and from Busr ibn Said and from al-Araj-all of whom related it\nfrom Abu Hurayra - that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him\nand grant him peace, said, "Whoever manages to do a raka of subh\nbefore the sun has risen has done subh in time, and whoever manages to\ndo a raka of asr before the sun has set has done asr in time."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that Abdullah\nibn Umar and Zayd ibn Thabit used to say, "Whoever catches the ruku\nhas caught the sajda."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik that Da'ud ibn al-Husayn said that\nsomeone had told him Abdullah ibn Abbas used to say, "Duluk ash-shams\nbegins from when the sun passes the meridian. Ghasaq al-layl is the\ngathering of the night and its darkness."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam that Ata ibn\nYasar said, "A man came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him\nand grant him peace, and asked him about the time of the subh prayer.\nThe Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did\nnot answer him, but in the morning he prayed subh at first light. The\nfollowing morning he prayed subh when it was much lighter, and then\nsaid, 'Where is the man who was asking about the time of the prayer?'\nThe man replied, 'Here I am, Messenger of Allah.' He said,'The time is\nbetween these two.' "\n\n

\n\n \nUrwa said that A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless\nhim and grant him peace used to pray asr while the sunlight was\npouring into her room, before the sun itself had become visible (i.e.\nbecause it was still high in the sky).\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that one time Abdullah\nibn Umar fainted and lost his senses and he did not make up the\nprayer.\n\n\nMalik commented, "We consider that that was because,\nand Allah knows best, the time had passed. Someone who recovers within\nthe time has to pray."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from his uncle Abu Suhayl ibn\nMalik that his father said, "I used to see a carpet belonging to Aqil\nibn Abi Talib spread out on the day of jumua up to the west wall of\nthe mosque. When the shadow of the wall covered the whole carpet, Umar\nibn al-Khattab would come out and pray the jumua prayer."\n\n\nMalik, Abu Suhayl's father, added, "We would then return after the\njumua prayer and take our midday sleep."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Abu Salama\nibn Abdar-Rahman from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may\nAllah bless him and grant him peace, said "Whoever catches a raka of\nthe prayer has caught the prayer."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik that Zayd ibn Aslam said, "The\nMessenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stopped\nfor a rest one night on the way to Makka and appointed Bilal to wake\nthem up for the prayer. Bilal slept and everyone else slept and none\nof them woke up until the sun had risen. When they did wake up they\nwere all alarmed. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and\ngrant him peace, ordered them to ride out of the valley, saying that\nthere was a shaytan in it. So they rode out of the valley and the\nMessenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ordered\nthem to dismount and do wudu and he told Bilal either to call the\nprayer or to give the iqama. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless\nhim and grant him peace, then led them in the prayer. Noticing their\nuneasiness, he went to them and said, 'O people! Allah seized our\nspirits (arwah) and if He had wished He would have returned them to us\nat a time other than this. So if you sleep through the time for a\nprayer or forget it and then are anxious about it, pray it as if you\nwere praying it in its time.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless\nhim and grant him peace, turned to Abu Bakr and said, 'Shaytan came to\nBilal when he was standing in prayer and made him lie down and lulled\nhim to sleep like a small boy.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah\nbless him and grant him peace, then called Bilal and told him the same\nas he had told Abu Bakr. Abu Bakr declared, 'I bear witness that you\nare the Messenger of Allah.' "\n\n

\n\n \nMalik related to us from Abdullah ibn Yazid the mawla of al-Aswad\nibn Sufyan, from Abu Salama ibn Abd ar-Rahman from Muhammad ibn Abd\nar-Rahman ibn Thawban from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah,\nmay Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the heat is\nfierce delay the prayer until it gets cooler, for scorching heat is a\npart of the blast of Jahannam."\n\n\nHe added, "The Fire\ncomplained to its Lord, so He allowed it two breaths in each year, a\nbreath in winter and a breath in summer."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from Amra bint\nAbd ar-Rahman that A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless\nhim and grant him peace, said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah\nbless him and grant him peace, used to pray subh and the women would\nleave wrapped in their garments and they could not yet be recognised\nin the darkness."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Nafi from Abdullah ibn Umar\nthat the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,\nsaid, "If someone misses the asr prayer it is as if he has suffered a\ngreat misfortune in his family and wealth ."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Ishaq ibn Abdullah ibn Abi\nTalha that Anas ibn Malik said, "We would pray asr and anyone who then\nwent to the Bani Amr ibn Awf would find them praying asr."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that once Umar\nibn al-Khattab left after doing the asr prayer and met a man who had\nnot been there. Umar asked him what had kept him from the prayer and\neventhough the man gave a good reason, Umar said, "You have given\nyourself short measure."\n\n\nYahya added that Malik commented,\n"It is said that everything has a short measure and a full measure."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Rabia ibn Abi Abd ar-Rahman\nthat al Qasim ibn Muhammad said, "None of the companions that I met\nprayed dhuhr until well after noon,"(i.e.until when the sun had lost\nits fierceness).\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Amr ibn Yahya ibn Yahya al-\nMazini from Ibn Abi Salit that Uthman ibn Affan prayed jumua in Madina\nand asr in Malal (a place seventeen miles from Madina).\n\n\nMalik\ncommented, "That was by praying jumua just past midday and then\ntravelling fast."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Said ibn al-\nMusayyab that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant\nhim peace, travelled by night on the way back from Khaybar.Towards the\nend of the night he stopped for a rest and told Bilal to stay awake to\nkeep watch for the subh prayer. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah\nbless him and grant him peace, and his companions slept. Bilal stayed\non guard as long as was decreed for him and then he leant against his\nriding camel facing the direction of the dawn and sleep overcame him\nand neither he nor the Messenger of Allah nor any of the party woke up\nuntil the sun's rays had struck them. The Messenger of Allah, may\nAllah bless him and grant him peace, was alarmed. Bilal excused\nhimself, saying, "Messenger of Allah! The One who took your self was\nthe One who took myself. "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him\nand grant him peace, ordered the party to move on and so they roused\nthei r mounts and rode on a short distance. The Messenger of Allah,\nmay Allah bless him and grant him peace, ordered Bilal to give the\niqama and then led them in the subh prayer. When he had finished he\nsaid, "Anyone who forgets a prayer should pray it when he remembers.\nAllah theBlessed and Exalted says in His book, 'Establish the prayer\nto remember Me.'"\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar\nused to say, "Duluk ash-shams begins from when the sun passes the\nmeridian."\n\n

\n\n \nHe said, "Yahya ibn Yahya al-Laythi related to me from Malik ibn\nAnas from Ibn Shihab that one day Umar ibn Abdal-Aziz delayed the\nprayer. Urwa ibn az-Zubayr came and told him that al-Mughira ibn Shuba\nhad delayed the prayer one day while he was in Kufa and Abu Masud al-\nAnsari had come to him and said, 'What's this, Mughira? Don't you know\nthat the angel Jibril came down and prayed and the Messenger of Allah,\nmay Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed.' Then he prayed\nagain, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him\npeace, prayed. Then he prayed again, and the Messenger of Allah, may\nAllah bless him and grant him peace, prayed. Then he prayed again, and\nthe Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,\nprayed. Then he prayed again, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah\nbless him and grant him peace, prayed. Then Jibril said, 'This is what\nyou have been ordered to do.' Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz said, 'Be sure of\nwhat you relate, Urwa. Was it definitely Jibril who established the\ntime of the prayer for the Messenger of Allah?' " Urwa said, "That's\nhow it was related to Bashir ibn Abi Masud al-Ansari by his father."\n\n

\n\n \nYahya related to me from Malik from Nafi', the mawla of Abdullah ibn Umar, that Umar ibn al-Khattab wrote to his governors\nsaying, "The most important of your affairs in my view is the prayer.\nWhoever protects it and observes it carefully is protecting his deen,\nwhile whoever is negligent about it will be even more negligent about\nother things." Then he added, "Pray dhuhr any time from when the\nafternoon shade is the length of your forearm until the length of your\nshadow matches your height. Pray asr when the sun is still pure white,\nso that a rider can travel two or three farsakhs before the sun sets.\nPray maghrib when the sun has set. Pray isha any time from when the\nredness in the western sky has disappeared until a third of the night\nhas passed - and a person who sleeps, may he have no rest, a person\nwho sleeps, may he have no rest. And pray subh when all the stars are\nvisible and like a haze in the sky."\n\n

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The Times of Prayer

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