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\nNarrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:\n \n\nAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "It is not permissible for any Muslim who has something to will to stay for two \nnights without having his last will and testament written and kept ready with him."\n

\nNarrated `Amr bin Al-Harith:\n \n\n(The brother of the wife of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). Juwaira bint Al-Harith) When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) died, he did \nnot leave any Dirham or Dinar (i.e. money), a slave or a slave woman or anything else except his \nwhite mule, his arms and a piece of land which he had given in charity .\n

\nNarrated Talha bin Musarrif:\n \n\nI asked `Abdullah bin Abu `Aufa "Did the Prophet (ﷺ) make a will?" He replied, "No," I asked him, "How \nis it then that the making of a will has been enjoined on people, (or that they are ordered to make a \nwill)?" He replied, "The Prophet (ﷺ) bequeathed Allah's Book (i.e. Qur'an).\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Abbas:\n \n\nI recommend that people reduce the proportion of what they bequeath by will to the fourth (of the \nwhole legacy), for Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "One-third, yet even one third is too much."\n

\nNarrated Abu Huraira:\n \n\nWhen Allah revealed the Verse: "Warn your nearest kinsmen," Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got up and said, "O \npeople of Quraish (or said similar words)! Buy (i.e. save) yourselves (from the Hellfire) as I cannot \nsave you from Allah's Punishment; O Bani `Abd Manaf! I cannot save you from Allah's Punishment, \nO Safiya, the Aunt of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I cannot save you from Allah's Punishment; O Fatima bint \nMuhammad! Ask me anything from my wealth, but I cannot save you from Allah's Punishment."\n

Narrated Anas (ra):\n When the Holy Verse: 'By no means shall you attain Al-Birr (piety, righteousness, it means here Allah's Reward i.e., Paradise), unless you spend of that which you love..', (V 3:92) was revealed, Abu Talha went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger ! Allah, the Blessed, the Superior stated in His book: 'By no means shall you attain Birr, unless you spend of that which you love....' (V 3:92) and the most beloved property to me is Bairuha' (which was a garden where Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to go to sit in its shade and drink from its water). I gave it to the Allah and His Messenger (ﷺ) hoping for Allah's Reward in the Hereafter. So, Ao Allah's Messenger ! Use it as Allah orders you to use it." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Bravo! O Abu Talha, it is fruitful property. We have accepted it from you and now we return it to you. Distribute it amongst you relatives." So, Abu Talha distributed it amongst his relatives, amongst whom were Ubai and Hassan. When Hassan sold his share of that garden to Mu'awiyya, he was asked, "How do you see Abu Talha's Sadaqa?" He replied, "Who should not I sell a Sa' of date for Sa' of money ?" The garden was situated on the courtyard of the palace of Bani Jadila built by Mu'awiya.\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Abbas:\n \n\nSome people claim that the order in the above Verse is cancelled, by Allah, it is not cancelled, but the \npeople have stopped acting on it. There are two kinds of guardians (who are in charge of the \ninheritance): One is that who inherits; such a person should give (of what he inherits to the relatives, \nthe orphans and the needy, etc.), the other is that who does not inherit (e.g. the guardian of the \norphans): such a person should speak kindly and say (to those who are present at the time of \ndistribution), "I can not give it to you (as the wealth belongs to the orphans).\n

\nNarrated Anas:\n \n\nWhen Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to Medina; he did not have any servant. Abu Talha (Anas' step-father) \ntook me to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Anas is a wise boy, so let him serve you." \nSo, I served him at home and on journeys. If I did anything, he never asked me why I did it, and if I \nrefrained from doing anything, he never asked me why I refrained from doing it.\n

\nNarrated Anas bin Malik:\n \n\nAbu Talha had the greatest wealth of date-palms amongst the Ansar in Medina, and he prized above \nall his wealth (his garden) Bairuha', which was situated opposite the Mosque (of the Prophet (ﷺ) ). The \nProphet used to enter It and drink from its fresh water. When the following Divine Verse came:-- \n"By no means shall you attain piety until you spend of what you love," (3.92) \nAbu Talha got up saying. "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Allah says, 'You will not attain piety until you spend of \nwhat you love,' and I prize above al I my wealth, Bairuha' which I want to give in charity for Allah's \nSake, hoping for its reward from Allah. So you can use it as Allah directs you." On that the Prophet (ﷺ) \nsaid, "Bravo! It is a profitable (or perishable) property. (Ibn Maslama is not sure as to which word is \nright, i.e. profitable or perishable.) I have heard what you have said, and I recommend that you \ndistribute this amongst your relatives." On that Abu Talha said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I will do (as you \nhave suggested)." So, Abu Talha distributed that garden amongst his relatives and cousins.\n

\nNarrated Anas:\n \n\nWhen the Prophet (ﷺ) ordered that the mosque be built, he said, "O Bani An-Najjar! Suggest to me a price \nfor this garden of yours." They replied, "By Allah! We will demand its price from none but Allah."\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Umar:\n \n\nWhen `Umar got a piece of land in Khaibar, he came to the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, "I have got a piece of \nland, better than which I have never got. So what do you advise me regarding it?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, \n"If you wish you can keep it as an endowment to be used for charitable purposes." So, `Umar gave the \nland in charity (i.e. as an endowments on the condition that the land would neither be sold nor given \nas a present, nor bequeathed, (and its yield) would be used for the poor, the kinsmen, the emancipation \nof slaves, Jihad, and for guests and travelers; and its administrator could eat in a reasonable just \nmanner, and he also could feed his friends without intending to be wealthy by its means."\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Umar:\n \n\n`Umar got some property in Khaibar and he came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and informed him about it. The \nProphet said to him, "If you wish you can give it in charity." So `Umar gave it in charity (i.e. as an \nendowment) the yield of which was to be used for the good of the poor, the needy, the kinsmen and \nthe guests.\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Umar:\n \n\nOnce `Umar gave a horse in charity to be used in holy fighting. It had been given to him by Allah's \nApostle . `Umar gave it to another man to ride. Then `Umar was informed that the man put the horse \nfor sale, so he asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) whether he could buy it. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "You should not \nbuy it, for you should not take back what you have given in charity."\n

\nNarrated Abu Huraira:\n \n\nAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "My heirs will not inherit a Dinar or a Dirham (i.e. money), for whatever I leave \n(excluding the adequate support of my wives and the wages of my employees) is given in charity."\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Umar:\n \n\nWhen `Umar founded an endowment he stipulated that its administrator could eat from it and also \nfeed his friend on the condition that he would not store anything for himself from it.\n

\nNarrated Al-Aswad:\n \n\nIn the presence of `Aisha some people mentioned that the Prophet (ﷺ) had appointed `Ali by will as his \nsuccessor. `Aisha said, "When did he appoint him by will? Verily when he died he was resting against \nmy chest (or said: in my lap) and he asked for a wash-basin and then collapsed while in that state, and \nI could not even perceive that he had died, so when did he appoint him by will?"\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Abbas:\n \n\nThe custom (in old days) was that the property of the deceased would be inherited by his offspring; as \nfor the parents (of the deceased), they would inherit by the will of the deceased. Then Allah cancelled \nfrom that custom whatever He wished and fixed for the male double the amount inherited by the \nfemale, and for each parent a sixth (of the whole legacy) and for the wife an eighth or a fourth and for \nthe husband a half or a fourth.\n

\nNarrated `Urwa bin Az-Zubair:\n \n\nHakim bin Hizam said, "I asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) for something, and he gave me, and I asked him again \nand he gave me and said, 'O Hakim! This wealth is green and sweet (i.e. as tempting as fruits), and \nwhoever takes it without greed then he is blessed in it, and whoever takes it with greediness, he is not \nblessed in it and he is like one who eats and never gets satisfied. \nThe upper (i.e. giving) hand is better than the lower (i.e. taking) hand." Hakim added, "I said, O \nAllah's Messenger (ﷺ)! By Him Who has sent you with the Truth I will never demand anything from \nanybody after you till I die." Afterwards Abu Bakr used to call Hakim to give him something but he \nrefused to accept anything from him. Then `Umar called him to give him (something) but he refused. \nThen `Umar said, "O Muslims! I offered to him (i.e. Hakim) his share which Allah has ordained for \nhim from this booty and he refuses to take it." Thus Hakim did not ask anybody for anything after the \nProphet, till he died--may Allah bestow His mercy upon him.\n

\nNarrated Anas:\n \n\nThe Prophet (ﷺ) said to Abu Talha, "I recommend that you divide (this garden) amongst your relatives." \nAbu Talha said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I will do the same." So Abu Talha divided it among his relatives \nand cousins. \nIbn 'Abbes said, "When the Qur'anic Verse: \n"Warn your nearest kinsmen." (26.214) \nWas revealed, the Prophet (ﷺ) started calling the various big families of Quraish, "O Bani Fihr! O Bani \nAdi!". \nAbu Huraira said, "When the Verse: "Warn your nearest kinsmen" was revealed, the Prophet (ﷺ) said (in a \nloud voice), "O people of Quraish!"\n

\nNarrated Ka`b bin Malik:\n \n\nI said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! For the acceptance of my repentance I wish to give all my property in \ncharity for Allah's sake through His Apostle ." He said, "It is better for you to keep some of the \nproperty for yourself." I said, "Then I will keep my share in Khaibar."\n

\nNarrated Az-Zuhri:\n \n\n`Urwa bin Az-Zubair said that he asked `Aisha about the meaning of the Qur'anic Verse:-- \n"And if you fear that you will not deal fairly with the orphan girls then marry (other) women of your \nchoice." (4.2-3) \nAisha said, "It is about a female orphan under the guardianship of her guardian who is inclined \ntowards her because of her beauty and wealth, and likes to marry her with a Mahr less than what is \ngiven to women of her standard. So they (i.e. guardians) were forbidden to marry the orphans unless \nthey paid them a full appropriate Mahr (otherwise) they were ordered to marry other women instead of \nthem. Later on the people asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) about it. So Allah revealed the following Verse:-- \n"They ask your instruction (O Muhammad!) regarding women. Say: Allah instructs you regarding \nthem..." (4.127) \nand in this Verse Allah indicated that if the orphan girl was beautiful and wealthy, her guardian would \nhave the desire to marry her without giving her an appropriate Mahr equal to what her peers could get, \nbut if she was undesirable for lack of beauty or wealth, then he would not marry her, but seek to marry \nsome other woman instead of her. So, since he did not marry her when he had no inclination towards \nher, he had not the right to marry her when he had an interest in her, unless he treated her justly by \ngiving her a full Mahr and securing all her rights.\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Umar:\n \n\nIn the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) , `Umar gave in charity some of his property, a garden of date-palms \ncalled Thamgh. `Umar said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I have some property which I prize highly and I want \nto give it in charity." The Prophet; said, "Give it in charity (i.e. as an endowment) with its land and \ntrees on the condition that the land and trees will neither be sold nor given as a present, nor \nbequeathed, but the fruits are to be spent in charity." So `Umar gave it in charity, and it was for \nAllah's Cause, the emancipation of slaves, for the poor, for guests, for travelers, and for kinsmen. The \nperson acting as its administrator could eat from it reasonably and fairly, and could let a friend of his \neat from it provided he had no intention of becoming wealthy by its means.\n

\nNarrated `Aisha:\n \n\nThe following Verse:-- \n"If a guardian is well-off, let him claim no remuneration (i.e. wages), but if he is poor, let him have for \nhimself what is just and reasonable." (4.6) \nwas revealed in connection with the guardian of an orphan, and it means that if he is poor he can have \nfor himself (from the orphan's wealth) what is just and reasonable according to the orphan's share of \nthe inheritance.\n

\nNarrated Anas bin Malik:\n \n\nWhen Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to Medina, he ordered that a mosque be built. He said, "O Bani An- \nNajjar! Suggest me a price for the garden of yours." They replied, "By Allah, we will not ask its price \nexcept from Allah."\n

Abu 'Abdur-Rahman narrated:\n When 'Uthman (ra) was circled (by the rebels), he looked upon them from above and said, "Ias you by Allah, I ask nobody but the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ), dont you know that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'Whoever will (buy and) dig the well of Ruma will be granted Paradise,' and I (bought and) dug it? Don't you know that he said. 'Whoever equip the army of 'Usra (i.e., Tabuk's Ghazwa) will be granted Paradise,' and I equipped it ?" They attested whatever he said.\nWhen 'Umar founded his endowment he said, "Its administrator can eat from it." The management of the endowment can be taken over by the founder himself or any other person, for both cases are permissible.\n

\nNarrated Jabir bin `Abdullah Al-Ansari:\n \n\nMy father was martyred on the day (of the Ghazwa) of Uhud and left six daughters and some debts to \nbe paid. When the time of plucking the date-fruits came, I went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's \nApostle! you know that my father was martyred on Uhud's day and owed much debt, and I wish that \nthe creditors would see you." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Go and collect the various kinds of dates and place \nthem separately in heaps"' I did accordingly and called him. On seeing him, the creditors started \nclaiming their rights pressingly at that time. When the Prophet (ﷺ) saw how they behaved, he went round \nthe biggest heap for three times and sat over it and said, "Call your companions (i.e. the creditors)." \nThen he kept on measuring and giving them, till Allah cleared all my father's debts. By Allah, it would \nhave pleased me that Allah would clear the debts of my father even though I had not taken a single \ndate to my sisters. But by Allah, all the heaps were complete, (as they were) and I looked at the heap \nwhere Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was sitting and noticed as if not a single date had been taken thereof.\n

\nNarrated Anas:\n \n\nA Jew crushed the head of a girl between two stones. She was asked, "Who has done so to you, soand- \nso? So-and-so?" Till the name of the Jew was mentioned, whereupon she nodded (in agreement). \nSo the Jew was brought and was questioned till he confessed. The Prophet (ﷺ) then ordered that his head \nbe crushed with stones.\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Umar:\n \n\nI heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying, "All of you are guardians and responsible for your charges: the Ruler \n(i.e. Imam) is a guardian and responsible for his subjects; and a man is a guardian of his family and is \nresponsible for his charges; and a lady is a guardian in the house of her husband and is responsible for \nher charge; and a servant is a guardian of the property of his master and is responsible for his charge." \nI think he also said, "And a man is a guardian of the property of his father."\n

\nNarrated Anas:\n \n\nThe Prophet (ﷺ) saw a man driving a Badana (i.e. camel for sacrifice) and said to him, "Ride on it." The \nman said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! It is a Bandana." (The Prophet (ﷺ) repeated his order) and on the third or \nfourth time he said, "Ride it, (woe to you" or said: "May Allah be merciful to you).\n

\nNarrated Abu Huraira:\n \n\nAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) saw a man driving a Badana and said to him, "Ride on it," and on the second or the \nthird time he added, "Woe to you."\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Abbas:\n \n\nThe mother of Sa`d bin 'Ubada died in his absence. He said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! My mother died in \nmy absence; will it be of any benefit for her if I give Sadaqa on her behalf?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Yes," \nSa`d said, "I make you a witness that I gave my garden called Al Makhraf in charity on her behalf."\n

\nNarrated Abu Huraira:\n \n\nThe Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Avoid the seven great destructive sins." The people enquire, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! \nWhat are they? "He said, "To join others in worship along with Allah, to practice sorcery, to kill the \nlife which Allah has forbidden except for a just cause, (according to Islamic law), to eat up Riba \n(usury), to eat up an orphan's wealth, to give back to the enemy and fleeing from the battlefield at the \ntime of fighting, and to accuse, chaste women, who never even think of anything touching chastity \nand are good believers.\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Abbas:\n \n\nA man said to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) , "My mother died, will it benefit her if I give in charity on her behalf?" \nThe Prophet (ﷺ) replied in the affirmative. The man said, "I have a garden and I make you a witness that I \ngive it in charity on her behalf."\n

\nNarrated Anas:\n \n\nThe Prophet (ﷺ) said (at the time of building the Mosque), "O Ban, An-Najjar! Suggest to me a price for \nyour garden." They replied, "We do not ask its price except from Allah."\n

Ibn 'Abbas (ra) said, "A man from the tribe of Bani Sahm went out in the company of Tamim Ad-Dari and 'Adi bin Badda'. The man of Bani Sahm died in a land where there was no Muslim. When Tamim and 'Adi returned conveying the property of the deceased, they claimed that they had lost a silver bowl with gold engraving. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) made them take an oath (to confirm their claim), and then the bowl was found in Makkah with some people who claimed that they had bought it from Tamim and 'Adu, Then two witnesses from the relatives of the deceased got up and swore that their witnesses were more valid than the witnesses of 'Adi and Tamim, and that the bowl belonged to their deceased fellow. So, this verse was revealed in connection with this case ; 'O you who believe! When death approached any of you ...'," (V 5:\n 106)\n

\nNarrated Sa`d bin Abu Waqqas:\n \n\nThe Prophet (ﷺ) came visiting me while I was (sick) in Mecca, ('Amir the sub-narrator said, and he \ndisliked to die in the land, whence he had already migrated). He (i.e. the Prophet) said, "May Allah \nbestow His Mercy on Ibn Afra (Sa`d bin Khaula)." I said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! May I will all my \nproperty (in charity)?" He said, "No." I said, "Then may I will half of it?" He said, "No". I said, "One \nthird?" He said: "Yes, one third, yet even one third is too much. It is better for you to leave your \ninheritors wealthy than to leave them poor begging others, and whatever you spend for Allah's sake \nwill be considered as a charitable deed even the handful of food you put in your wife's mouth. Allah \nmay lengthen your age so that some people may benefit by you, and some others be harmed by you." \nAt that time Sa`d had only one daughter.\n

\nNarrated Sa`d:\n \n\nI fell sick and the Prophet (ﷺ) paid me a visit. I said to him, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I invoke Allah that He \nmay not let me expire in the land whence I migrated (i.e. Mecca)." He said, "May Allah give you \nhealth and let the people benefit by you." I said, "I want to will my property, and I have only one \ndaughter and I want to will half of my property (to be given in charity)." He said," Half is too much." I \nsaid, "Then I will one third." He said, "One-third, yet even one-third is too much." (The narrator \nadded, "So the people started to will one third of their property and that was Permitted for them.")\n

\nNarrated `Aisha:\n \n\n(the wife of the Prophet) `Utba bin Abi Waqqas entrusted (his son) to his brother Sa`d bin Abi \nWaqqas saying, "The son of the slave-girl of Zam`a is my (illegal) son, take him into your custody." \nSo during the year of the Conquest (of Mecca) Sa`d took the boy and said, "This is my brother's son \nwhom my brother entrusted to me." 'Abu bin Zam's got up and said, "He is my brother and the son of \nthe slave girl of my father and was born on my father's bed." Then both of them came to Allah's \nApostle and Sa`d said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! This is my brother's son whom my brother entrusted to \nme." \nThen 'Abu bin Zam`a got up and said, "This is my brother and the son of the slave-girl of my father." \nAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "O Abu bin Zam`a! This boy is for you as the boy belongs to the bed (where he \nwas born), and for the adulterer is the stone (i.e. deprivation)." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said to his wife \nSauda bint Zam`a, "Screen yourself from this boy," when he saw the boy's resemblance to `Utba. \nSince then the boy did not see Sauda till he died.\n

\nNarrated Abu Huraira:\n \n\nA man asked the Prophet, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! What kind of charity is the best?" He replied. "To give \nin charity when you are healthy and greedy hoping to be wealthy and afraid of becoming poor. Don't \ndelay giving in charity till the time when you are on the death bed when you say, 'Give so much to soand- \nso and so much to so-and so,' and at that time the property is not yours but it belongs to so-and-so \n(i.e. your inheritors).\n

\nNarrated Abu Huraira:\n \n\nThe Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The signs of a hypocrite are three: Whenever he speaks he tells a lie; whenever he \nis entrusted he proves dishonest; whenever he promises he breaks his promise."\n

\nNarrated `Aisha:\n \n\nA man said to the Prophet, "My mother died suddenly, and I think that if she could speak, she would \nhave given in charity. May I give in charity on her behalf?" He said, "Yes! Give in charity on her \nbehalf."\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Abbas:\n \n\nSa`d bin Ubada consulted Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying, "My mother died and she had an unfulfilled vow." \nThe Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Fulfill it on her behalf."\n

\nNarrated Ibn `Abbas:\n \n\nThat the mother of Sa`d bin Ubada the brother of Bani Saida died in Sa`d's absence, so he came to the \nProphet saying, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! My mother died in my absence, will it benefit her if I give in \ncharity on her behalf?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Yes." Sa`d said, "I take you as my witness that I give my \ngarden Al-Makhraf in charity on her behalf."\n

Nafi' said:\n "Ibn 'Umar never refused to be appointed as guardian." The most beloved thing to Ibn Sirin concerning an orphan's wealth was that the orphan's advisor and guardians would assemble to decide what is best for him. When Tawus was asked about something concerning an orphan's affairs, he would recite: '...And Allah knows him who means mischief from him who means good...' (V 2:220). 'Ata said concerning some orphans, "The guardian is to provide for the young and the old orphans according to their needs from their shares."\n

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