\nNarrated Malik bin Aus bin Al-Hadathan:\n \n\nOnce I set out to visit `Umar (bin Al-Khattab). (While I was sitting there with him his gate-keeper, \nYarfa, came and said, "Uthman `AbdurRahman (bin `Auf), Az-Zubair and Sa`d (bin Abi Waqqas) are \nseeking permission (to meet you)." `Umar said, "Yes. So he admitted them and they entered, greeted, \nand sat down. After a short while Yarfa came again and said to `Umar 'Shall I admit `Ali and \n`Abbas?" `Umar said, "Yes." He admitted them and when they entered, they greeted and sat down. \n`Abbas said, "O Chief of the Believers! Judge between me and this (`Ali)." The group, `Uthman and \nhis companions Sa`d, 'O Chief of the Believers! Judge between them and relieve one from the other." \n`Umar said. Wait! I beseech you by Allah, by Whose permission both the Heaven and the Earth stand \nfast ! Do you know that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said. 'We (Apostles) do not bequeath anything to our heirs, \nbut whatever we leave is to be given in charity.' And by that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)s meant himself?" The \ngroup said, "He did say so." `Umar then turned towards 'All and `Abbas and said. "I beseech you both \nby Allah, do you know that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said that?" They said, 'Yes " \n`Umar said, "Now, let me talk to you about this matter. Allah favored His Apostle with something of \nthis property (war booty) which He did not give to anybody else. And Allah said:-- 'And what Allah \nhas bestowed on His Apostle (as Fai Booty) from them for which you made no expedition with either \ncavalry or camelry . . . Allah is Able to do all things.' (59.6) So this property was especially granted to \nAllah's Messenger (ﷺ). But by Allah he neither withheld it from you, nor did he keep it for himself and \ndeprive you of it, but he gave it all to you and distributed it among you till only this remained out of it. \nAnd out of this property Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to provide his family with their yearly needs, and \nwhatever remained, he would spend where Allah's Property (the revenues of Zakat) used to be spent. \nAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) kept on acting like this throughout his lifetime. Now I beseech you by Allah, do you \nknow that?" \nThey said, "Yes." \nThen `Umar said to `Ali and `Abbas, "I beseech you by Allah, do you both know that?" They said, \n"Yes." \n`Umar added, "When Allah had taken His Apostle unto Him, Abu Bakr said, 'I am the successor of \nAllah's Messenger (ﷺ). So he took charge of that property and did with it the same what Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used \nto do, and both of you knew all about it then." \nThen `Umar turned towards `Ali and `Abbas and said, "You both claim that Abu- Bakr was so-and-so! \nBut Allah knows that he was honest, sincere, pious and right (in that matter). \nThen Allah caused Abu Bakr to die, and I said, 'I am the successor of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr.' \nSo I kept this property in my possession for the first two years of my rule, and I used to do the same \nwith it as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr used to do. Later both of you (`Ali and `Abbas) came to me \nwith the same claim and the same problem. (O `Abbas!) You came to me demanding your share from \n(the inheritance of) the son of your brother, and he (`Ali) came to me demanding his wives share from \n(the inheritance of) her father. \nSo I said to you, 'If you wish I will hand over this property to you, on condition that you both promise \nme before Allah that you will manage it in the same way as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr did, and as \nI have done since the beginning of my rule; otherwise you should not speak to me about it.' So you \nboth said, 'Hand over this property to us on this condition.' And on this condition I handed it over to \nyou. \nI beseech you by Allah, did I hand it over to them on that condition?" The group said, "Yes." \n`Umar then faced `Ali and `Abbas and said, "I beseech you both by Allah, did I hand it over to you \nboth on that condition?" They both said, "Yes." \n`Umar added, "Do you want me now to give a decision other than that? By Him with Whose \npermission (order) both the Heaven and the Earth stand fast, I will never give any decision other than \nthat till the Hour is established! But if you are unable to manage it (that property), then return it to me \nand I will be sufficient for it on your behalf . "\n

\nNarrated Malik bin Aus bin Al-Hadathan:\n \n\nOnce I set out to visit `Umar (bin Al-Khattab). (While I was sitting there with him his gate-keeper, \nYarfa, came and said, "Uthman `AbdurRahman (bin `Auf), Az-Zubair and Sa`d (bin Abi Waqqas) are \nseeking permission (to meet you)." `Umar said, "Yes. So he admitted them and they entered, greeted, \nand sat down. After a short while Yarfa came again and said to `Umar 'Shall I admit `Ali and \n`Abbas?" `Umar said, "Yes." He admitted them and when they entered, they greeted and sat down. \n`Abbas said, "O Chief of the Believers! Judge between me and this (`Ali)." The group, `Uthman and \nhis companions Sa`d, 'O Chief of the Believers! Judge between them and relieve one from the other." \n`Umar said. Wait! I beseech you by Allah, by Whose permission both the Heaven and the Earth stand \nfast ! Do you know that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said. 'We (Apostles) do not bequeath anything to our heirs, \nbut whatever we leave is to be given in charity.' And by that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)s meant himself?" The \ngroup said, "He did say so." `Umar then turned towards 'All and `Abbas and said. "I beseech you both \nby Allah, do you know that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said that?" They said, 'Yes " \n`Umar said, "Now, let me talk to you about this matter. Allah favored His Apostle with something of \nthis property (war booty) which He did not give to anybody else. And Allah said:-- 'And what Allah \nhas bestowed on His Apostle (as Fai Booty) from them for which you made no expedition with either \ncavalry or camelry . . . Allah is Able to do all things.' (59.6) So this property was especially granted to \nAllah's Messenger (ﷺ). But by Allah he neither withheld it from you, nor did he keep it for himself and \ndeprive you of it, but he gave it all to you and distributed it among you till only this remained out of it. \nAnd out of this property Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to provide his family with their yearly needs, and \nwhatever remained, he would spend where Allah's Property (the revenues of Zakat) used to be spent. \nAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) kept on acting like this throughout his lifetime. Now I beseech you by Allah, do you \nknow that?" \nThey said, "Yes." \nThen `Umar said to `Ali and `Abbas, "I beseech you by Allah, do you both know that?" They said, \n"Yes." \n`Umar added, "When Allah had taken His Apostle unto Him, Abu Bakr said, 'I am the successor of \nAllah's Messenger (ﷺ). So he took charge of that property and did with it the same what Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used \nto do, and both of you knew all about it then." \nThen `Umar turned towards `Ali and `Abbas and said, "You both claim that Abu- Bakr was so-and-so! \nBut Allah knows that he was honest, sincere, pious and right (in that matter). \nThen Allah caused Abu Bakr to die, and I said, 'I am the successor of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr.' \nSo I kept this property in my possession for the first two years of my rule, and I used to do the same \nwith it as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr used to do. Later both of you (`Ali and `Abbas) came to me \nwith the same claim and the same problem. (O `Abbas!) You came to me demanding your share from \n(the inheritance of) the son of your brother, and he (`Ali) came to me demanding his wives share from \n(the inheritance of) her father. \nSo I said to you, 'If you wish I will hand over this property to you, on condition that you both promise \nme before Allah that you will manage it in the same way as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr did, and as \nI have done since the beginning of my rule; otherwise you should not speak to me about it.' So you \nboth said, 'Hand over this property to us on this condition.' And on this condition I handed it over to \nyou. \nI beseech you by Allah, did I hand it over to them on that condition?" The group said, "Yes." \n`Umar then faced `Ali and `Abbas and said, "I beseech you both by Allah, did I hand it over to you \nboth on that condition?" They both said, "Yes." \n`Umar added, "Do you want me now to give a decision other than that? By Him with Whose \npermission (order) both the Heaven and the Earth stand fast, I will never give any decision other than \nthat till the Hour is established! But if you are unable to manage it (that property), then return it to me \nand I will be sufficient for it on your behalf . "\n

\nحَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عُفَيْرٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي اللَّيْثُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عُقَيْلٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي مَالِكُ بْنُ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ، وَكَانَ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ ذَكَرَ لِي ذِكْرًا مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ، فَانْطَلَقْتُ حَتَّى دَخَلْتُ عَلَى مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ مَالِكٌ انْطَلَقْتُ حَتَّى أَدْخُلَ عَلَى عُمَرَ، إِذْ أَتَاهُ حَاجِبُهُ يَرْفَا فَقَالَ هَلْ لَكَ فِي عُثْمَانَ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَالزُّبَيْرِ وَسَعْدٍ يَسْتَأْذِنُونَ قَالَ نَعَمْ‏.‏ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ ـ قَالَ ـ فَدَخَلُوا وَسَلَّمُوا فَجَلَسُوا، ثُمَّ لَبِثَ يَرْفَا قَلِيلاً فَقَالَ لِعُمَرَ هَلْ لَكَ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ‏.‏ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمَا، فَلَمَّا دَخَلاَ سَلَّمَا وَجَلَسَا، فَقَالَ عَبَّاسٌ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْضِ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ هَذَا‏.‏ فَقَالَ الرَّهْطُ عُثْمَانُ وَأَصْحَابُهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْضِ بَيْنَهُمَا، وَأَرِحْ أَحَدَهُمَا مِنَ الآخَرِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ اتَّئِدُوا أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ الَّذِي بِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاءُ وَالأَرْضُ، هَلْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ ‏"‏‏.‏ يُرِيدُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَفْسَهُ‏.‏ قَالَ الرَّهْطُ قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ‏.‏ فَأَقْبَلَ عُمَرُ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُكُمَا بِاللَّهِ هَلْ تَعْلَمَانِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ذَلِكَ قَالاَ قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ‏.‏ قَالَ عُمَرُ فَإِنِّي أُحَدِّثُكُمْ عَنْ هَذَا الأَمْرِ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ خَصَّ رَسُولَهُ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ بِشَىْءٍ لَمْ يُعْطِهِ أَحَدًا غَيْرَهُ، قَالَ اللَّهُ ‏{‏مَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ‏}‏ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ‏{‏قَدِيرٌ‏}‏‏.‏ فَكَانَتْ هَذِهِ خَالِصَةً لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَاللَّهِ مَا احْتَازَهَا دُونَكُمْ وَلاَ اسْتَأْثَرَ بِهَا عَلَيْكُمْ، لَقَدْ أَعْطَاكُمُوهَا وَبَثَّهَا فِيكُمْ، حَتَّى بَقِيَ مِنْهَا هَذَا الْمَالُ، فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُنْفِقُ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ نَفَقَةَ سَنَتِهِمْ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ، ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُ مَا بَقِيَ، فَيَجْعَلُهُ مَجْعَلَ مَالِ اللَّهِ، فَعَمِلَ بِذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حَيَاتَهُ، أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ، هَلْ تَعْلَمُونَ ذَلِكَ قَالُوا نَعَمْ‏.‏ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ أَنْشُدُكُمَا بِاللَّهِ هَلْ تَعْلَمَانِ ذَلِكَ قَالاَ نَعَمْ‏.‏ ثُمَّ تَوَفَّى اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَبَضَهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَعْمَلُ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَنْتُمَا حِينَئِذٍ ـ وَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ ـ تَزْعُمَانِ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ كَذَا وَكَذَا، وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ فِيهَا صَادِقٌ بَارٌّ رَاشِدٌ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ، ثُمَّ تَوَفَّى اللَّهُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقُلْتُ أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَقَبَضْتُهَا سَنَتَيْنِ أَعْمَلُ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ، ثُمَّ جِئْتُمَانِي وَكَلِمَتُكُمَا وَاحِدَةٌ وَأَمْرُكُمَا جَمِيعٌ، جِئْتَنِي تَسْأَلُنِي نَصِيبَكَ مِنِ ابْنِ أَخِيكَ، وَأَتَى هَذَا يَسْأَلُنِي نَصِيبَ امْرَأَتِهِ مِنْ أَبِيهَا، فَقُلْتُ إِنْ شِئْتُمَا دَفَعْتُهُ إِلَيْكُمَا عَلَى أَنَّ عَلَيْكُمَا عَهْدَ اللَّهِ وَمِيثَاقَهُ لَتَعْمَلاَنِ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَبِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ فِيهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَبِمَا عَمِلْتُ بِهِ فِيهَا، مُنْذُ وُلِّيتُهَا، وَإِلاَّ فَلاَ تُكَلِّمَانِي فِيهَا فَقُلْتُمَا ادْفَعْهَا إِلَيْنَا بِذَلِكَ‏.‏ فَدَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْكُمَا بِذَلِكَ، أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ هَلْ دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْهِمَا بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ الرَّهْطُ نَعَمْ‏.‏ قَالَ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُكُمَا بِاللَّهِ هَلْ دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْكُمَا بِذَلِكَ قَالاَ نَعَمْ‏.‏ قَالَ أَفَتَلْتَمِسَانِ مِنِّي قَضَاءً غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ، فَوَالَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاءُ وَالأَرْضُ لاَ أَقْضِي فِيهَا قَضَاءً غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ، حَتَّى تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ، فَإِنْ عَجَزْتُمَا عَنْهَا فَادْفَعَاهَا فَأَنَا أَكْفِيكُمَاهَا‏.‏