\nNarrated Malik bin Aus:\n \n\nWhile I was at home, the sun rose high and it got hot. Suddenly the messenger of `Umar bin Al- \nKhattab came to me and said, "The chief of the believers has sent for you." So, I went along with him \ntill I entered the place where `Umar was sitting on a bedstead made of date-palm leaves and covered \nwith no mattress, and he was leaning over a leather pillow. I greeted him and sat down. He said, "O \nMali! Some persons of your people who have families came to me and I have ordered that a gift \nshould be given to them, so take it and distribute it among them." I said, "O chief of the believers! I \nwish that you order someone else to do it." He said, "O man! Take it." While I was sitting there with \nhim, his doorman Yarfa' came saying, "`Uthman, `Abdur-Rahman bin `Auf, Az-Zubair and Sa`d bin \nAbi Waqqas are asking your permission (to see you); may I admit them?" \n`Umar said, "Yes", So they were admitted and they came in, greeted him, and sat down. After a while \nYarfa' came again and said, "May I admit `Ali and `Abbas?" `Umar said, "yes." So, they were \nadmitted and they came in and greeted (him) and sat down. Then `Abbas said, "O chief of the \nbelievers! Judge between me and this (i.e. `Ali)." They had a dispute regarding the property of Bani \nAn-Nadir which Allah had given to His Apostle as Fai. The group (i.e. `Uthman and his companions) \nsaid, "O chief of the believers! Judge between them and relieve both of them front each other." `Umar \nsaid, "Be patient! I beseech you by Allah by Whose Permission the Heaven and the Earth exist, do \nyou know that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'Our (i.e. prophets') property will not be inherited, and whatever \nwe leave, is Sadaqa (to be used for charity),' and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) meant himself (by saying "we'')?" \nThe group said, "He said so." `Umar then turned to `Ali and `Abbas and said, "I beseech you by Allah, \ndo you know that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said so?" They replied, " He said so." `Umar then said, "So, I will \ntalk to you about this matter. Allah bestowed on His Apostle with a special favor of something of this \nFai (booty) which he gave to nobody else." `Umar then recited the Holy Verses: "What Allah \nbestowed as (Fai) Booty on his Apostle (Muhammad) from them --- for this you made no expedition \nwith either cavalry or camelry: But Allah gives power to His Apostles over whomever He will 'And \nAllah is able to do all things." 9:6) \n`Umar added "So this property was especially given to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), but, by Allah, neither did he \ntake possession of it and leave your, nor did he favor himself with it to your exclusion, but he gave it \nto all of you and distributed it amongst you till this property remained out of it. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used \nto spend the yearly expenses of his family out of this property and used to keep the rest of its revenue \nto be spent on Allah 's Cause. Allah 's Apostle kept on doing this during all his lifetime. I ask you by \nAllah do you know this?" They replies in the affirmative. `Umar then said to `Ali and `Abbas. "I ask \nyou by Allah, do you know this?" `Umar added, "When Allah had taken His Prophet unto Him, 'Abu \nBakr said, 'I am the successor of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) so, Abu Bakr took over that property and managed it \nin the same way as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to do, and Allah knows that he was true, pious and rightlyguided, \nand he was a follower of what was right. \nThen Allah took Abu Bakr unto Him and I became Abu Bakr's successor, and I kept that property in \nmy possession for the first two years of my Caliphate, managing it in the same way as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) \nused to do and as Abu Bakr used to do, and Allah knows that I have been true, pious, rightly guided, \nand a follower of what is right. Now you both (i.e. 'Ah and `Abbas) came to talk to me, bearing the \nsame claim and presenting the same case; you, `Abbas, came to me asking for your share from your \nnephew's property, and this man, i.e. `Ali, came to me asking for his wife's share from her father's \nproperty. I told you both that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'Our (prophets') properties are not to be inherited, \nbut what we leave is Sadaqa (to be used for charity).' \nWhen I thought it right that I should hand over this property to you, I said to you, 'I am ready to hand \nover this property to you if you wish, on the condition that you would take Allah's Pledge and \nConvention that you would manage it in the same way as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to, and as Abu Bakr \nused to do, and as I have done since I was in charge of it.' So, both of you said (to me), 'Hand it over \nto us,' and on that condition I handed it over to you. So, I ask you by Allah, did I hand it over to them \non this condition?" The group aid, "Yes." Then `Umar faced `Ali and `Abbas saying, "I ask you by \nAllah, did I hand it over to you on this condition?" They said, "Yes. " He said, " Do you want now to \ngive a different decision? By Allah, by Whose Leave both the Heaven and the Earth exist, I will never \ngive any decision other than that (I have already given). And if you are unable to manage it, then \nreturn it to me, and I will do the job on your behalf."\n

\nNarrated Malik bin Aus:\n \n\nWhile I was at home, the sun rose high and it got hot. Suddenly the messenger of `Umar bin Al- \nKhattab came to me and said, "The chief of the believers has sent for you." So, I went along with him \ntill I entered the place where `Umar was sitting on a bedstead made of date-palm leaves and covered \nwith no mattress, and he was leaning over a leather pillow. I greeted him and sat down. He said, "O \nMali! Some persons of your people who have families came to me and I have ordered that a gift \nshould be given to them, so take it and distribute it among them." I said, "O chief of the believers! I \nwish that you order someone else to do it." He said, "O man! Take it." While I was sitting there with \nhim, his doorman Yarfa' came saying, "`Uthman, `Abdur-Rahman bin `Auf, Az-Zubair and Sa`d bin \nAbi Waqqas are asking your permission (to see you); may I admit them?" \n`Umar said, "Yes", So they were admitted and they came in, greeted him, and sat down. After a while \nYarfa' came again and said, "May I admit `Ali and `Abbas?" `Umar said, "yes." So, they were \nadmitted and they came in and greeted (him) and sat down. Then `Abbas said, "O chief of the \nbelievers! Judge between me and this (i.e. `Ali)." They had a dispute regarding the property of Bani \nAn-Nadir which Allah had given to His Apostle as Fai. The group (i.e. `Uthman and his companions) \nsaid, "O chief of the believers! Judge between them and relieve both of them front each other." `Umar \nsaid, "Be patient! I beseech you by Allah by Whose Permission the Heaven and the Earth exist, do \nyou know that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'Our (i.e. prophets') property will not be inherited, and whatever \nwe leave, is Sadaqa (to be used for charity),' and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) meant himself (by saying "we'')?" \nThe group said, "He said so." `Umar then turned to `Ali and `Abbas and said, "I beseech you by Allah, \ndo you know that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said so?" They replied, " He said so." `Umar then said, "So, I will \ntalk to you about this matter. Allah bestowed on His Apostle with a special favor of something of this \nFai (booty) which he gave to nobody else." `Umar then recited the Holy Verses: "What Allah \nbestowed as (Fai) Booty on his Apostle (Muhammad) from them --- for this you made no expedition \nwith either cavalry or camelry: But Allah gives power to His Apostles over whomever He will 'And \nAllah is able to do all things." 9:6) \n`Umar added "So this property was especially given to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), but, by Allah, neither did he \ntake possession of it and leave your, nor did he favor himself with it to your exclusion, but he gave it \nto all of you and distributed it amongst you till this property remained out of it. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used \nto spend the yearly expenses of his family out of this property and used to keep the rest of its revenue \nto be spent on Allah 's Cause. Allah 's Apostle kept on doing this during all his lifetime. I ask you by \nAllah do you know this?" They replies in the affirmative. `Umar then said to `Ali and `Abbas. "I ask \nyou by Allah, do you know this?" `Umar added, "When Allah had taken His Prophet unto Him, 'Abu \nBakr said, 'I am the successor of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) so, Abu Bakr took over that property and managed it \nin the same way as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to do, and Allah knows that he was true, pious and rightlyguided, \nand he was a follower of what was right. \nThen Allah took Abu Bakr unto Him and I became Abu Bakr's successor, and I kept that property in \nmy possession for the first two years of my Caliphate, managing it in the same way as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) \nused to do and as Abu Bakr used to do, and Allah knows that I have been true, pious, rightly guided, \nand a follower of what is right. Now you both (i.e. 'Ah and `Abbas) came to talk to me, bearing the \nsame claim and presenting the same case; you, `Abbas, came to me asking for your share from your \nnephew's property, and this man, i.e. `Ali, came to me asking for his wife's share from her father's \nproperty. I told you both that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, 'Our (prophets') properties are not to be inherited, \nbut what we leave is Sadaqa (to be used for charity).' \nWhen I thought it right that I should hand over this property to you, I said to you, 'I am ready to hand \nover this property to you if you wish, on the condition that you would take Allah's Pledge and \nConvention that you would manage it in the same way as Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to, and as Abu Bakr \nused to do, and as I have done since I was in charge of it.' So, both of you said (to me), 'Hand it over \nto us,' and on that condition I handed it over to you. So, I ask you by Allah, did I hand it over to them \non this condition?" The group aid, "Yes." Then `Umar faced `Ali and `Abbas saying, "I ask you by \nAllah, did I hand it over to you on this condition?" They said, "Yes. " He said, " Do you want now to \ngive a different decision? By Allah, by Whose Leave both the Heaven and the Earth exist, I will never \ngive any decision other than that (I have already given). And if you are unable to manage it, then \nreturn it to me, and I will do the job on your behalf."\n

\nحَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَرْوِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ،، وَكَانَ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ ذَكَرَ لِي ذِكْرًا مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ ذَلِكَ، فَانْطَلَقْتُ حَتَّى أَدْخُلَ عَلَى مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ، فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ مَالِكٌ بَيْنَا أَنَا جَالِسٌ فِي أَهْلِي حِينَ مَتَعَ النَّهَارُ، إِذَا رَسُولُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ يَأْتِينِي فَقَالَ أَجِبْ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ‏.‏ فَانْطَلَقْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى أَدْخُلَ عَلَى عُمَرَ، فَإِذَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ عَلَى رِمَالِ سَرِيرٍ، لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ فِرَاشٌ مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى وِسَادَةٍ مِنْ أَدَمٍ، فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ فَقَالَ يَا مَالِ، إِنَّهُ قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ قَوْمِكَ أَهْلُ أَبْيَاتٍ، وَقَدْ أَمَرْتُ فِيهِمْ بِرَضْخٍ فَاقْبِضْهُ فَاقْسِمْهُ بَيْنَهُمْ‏.‏ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، لَوْ أَمَرْتَ بِهِ غَيْرِي‏.‏ قَالَ اقْبِضْهُ أَيُّهَا الْمَرْءُ‏.‏ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا جَالِسٌ عِنْدَهُ أَتَاهُ حَاجِبُهُ يَرْفَا فَقَالَ هَلْ لَكَ فِي عُثْمَانَ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَالزُّبَيْرِ وَسَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ يَسْتَأْذِنُونَ قَالَ نَعَمْ‏.‏ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ فَدَخَلُوا فَسَلَّمُوا وَجَلَسُوا، ثُمَّ جَلَسَ يَرْفَا يَسِيرًا ثُمَّ قَالَ هَلْ لَكَ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ‏.‏ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمَا، فَدَخَلاَ فَسَلَّمَا فَجَلَسَا، فَقَالَ عَبَّاسٌ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، اقْضِ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ هَذَا‏.‏ وَهُمَا يَخْتَصِمَانِ فِيمَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنْ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ الرَّهْطُ عُثْمَانُ وَأَصْحَابُهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، اقْضِ بَيْنَهُمَا وَأَرِحْ أَحَدَهُمَا مِنَ الآخَرِ‏.‏ قَالَ عُمَرُ تَيْدَكُمْ، أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاءُ وَالأَرْضُ، هَلْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ ‏"‏‏.‏ يُرِيدُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَفْسَهُ‏.‏ قَالَ الرَّهْطُ قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ‏.‏ فَأَقْبَلَ عُمَرُ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُكُمَا اللَّهَ، أَتَعْلَمَانِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ قَالاَ قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ‏.‏ قَالَ عُمَرُ فَإِنِّي أُحَدِّثُكُمْ عَنْ هَذَا الأَمْرِ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ خَصَّ رَسُولَهُ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي هَذَا الْفَىْءِ بِشَىْءٍ لَمْ يُعْطِهِ أَحَدًا غَيْرَهُ ـ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ ‏{‏وَمَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ‏}‏ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ‏{‏قَدِيرٌ‏}‏ ـ فَكَانَتْ هَذِهِ خَالِصَةً لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ وَاللَّهِ مَا احْتَازَهَا دُونَكُمْ، وَلاَ اسْتَأْثَرَ بِهَا عَلَيْكُمْ قَدْ أَعْطَاكُمُوهُ، وَبَثَّهَا فِيكُمْ حَتَّى بَقِيَ مِنْهَا هَذَا الْمَالُ، فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُنْفِقُ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ نَفَقَةَ سَنَتِهِمْ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ، ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُ مَا بَقِيَ فَيَجْعَلُهُ مَجْعَلَ مَالِ اللَّهِ، فَعَمِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِذَلِكَ حَيَاتَهُ، أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ هَلْ تَعْلَمُونَ ذَلِكَ قَالُوا نَعَمْ‏.‏ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ أَنْشُدُكُمَا بِاللَّهِ هَلْ تَعْلَمَانِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ عُمَرُ ثُمَّ تَوَفَّى اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏ فَقَبَضَهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، فَعَمِلَ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنَّهُ فِيهَا لَصَادِقٌ بَارٌّ رَاشِدٌ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ، ثُمَّ تَوَفَّى اللَّهُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ، فَكُنْتُ أَنَا وَلِيَّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَقَبَضْتُهَا سَنَتَيْنِ مِنْ إِمَارَتِي، أَعْمَلُ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَمَا عَمِلَ فِيهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنِّي فِيهَا لَصَادِقٌ بَارٌّ رَاشِدٌ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ، ثُمَّ جِئْتُمَانِي تُكَلِّمَانِي وَكَلِمَتُكُمَا وَاحِدَةٌ، وَأَمْرُكُمَا وَاحِدٌ، جِئْتَنِي يَا عَبَّاسُ تَسْأَلُنِي نَصِيبَكَ مِنِ ابْنِ أَخِيكَ، وَجَاءَنِي هَذَا ـ يُرِيدُ عَلِيًّا ـ يُرِيدُ نَصِيبَ امْرَأَتِهِ مِنْ أَبِيهَا، فَقُلْتُ لَكُمَا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَلَمَّا بَدَا لِي أَنْ أَدْفَعَهُ إِلَيْكُمَا قُلْتُ إِنْ شِئْتُمَا دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْكُمَا عَلَى أَنَّ عَلَيْكُمَا عَهْدَ اللَّهِ وَمِيثَاقَهُ لَتَعْمَلاَنِ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، وَبِمَا عَمِلَ فِيهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَبِمَا عَمِلْتُ فِيهَا مُنْذُ وَلِيتُهَا، فَقُلْتُمَا ادْفَعْهَا إِلَيْنَا‏.‏ فَبِذَلِكَ دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْكُمَا، فَأَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ، هَلْ دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْهِمَا بِذَلِكَ قَالَ الرَّهْطُ نَعَمْ‏.‏ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُكُمَا بِاللَّهِ هَلْ دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْكُمَا بِذَلِكَ قَالاَ نَعَمْ‏.‏ قَالَ فَتَلْتَمِسَانِ مِنِّي قَضَاءً غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَوَاللَّهِ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاءُ وَالأَرْضُ، لاَ أَقْضِي فِيهَا قَضَاءً غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ، فَإِنْ عَجَزْتُمَا عَنْهَا فَادْفَعَاهَا إِلَىَّ، فَإِنِّي أَكْفِيكُمَاهَا‏.‏